Senna multijuga (Rich.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby

False sicklepod (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Senna

Characteristics

Tree up to 20(-40) m with a trunk 10-60 cm dbh, young parts generally puberulous. Stipules 3-14 mm long, linear or dilated at base, early caducous. Leaves with 18-50 pairs of leaflets; petiole 4-30 mm; rachis with a conical gland between the lowermost pair of leaflets (often early caducous). Leaflets very shortly stipitate, linear-oblong, 2-4 (-5) by 0.6-0.8 cm, almost glabrous on upper side, lower pubescent particularly towards base; both ends rounded; apex mucronulate. Flowers in terminal panicles up to 30 by 40 cm at the end of leafy branches; peduncles 2-4 cm, puberulous; bracts ov^te acute, tomentose, c. 2 mm long; pedicels 15-30 mm. Sepals when mature greenish yellow, obovate or orbicular, the outer c. 3 mm, the inner c. 5-7 mm. Petals yellow, usually glabrous, unequal-sized; the lowermost falcate-spathulate, sessile, 2-3 cm long; the four upper with a 4-6 mm long, slender claw, blade 1-2 cm. Stamens 7: 3 with filaments c. 10 mm and anthers 6-7 mm, curved rostrate; 4 with filaments 1-2 mm and with shorter anthers; 3 tiny staminodes. Ovary shortly stiped, glabrous; style glabrous; stigma subterminal, inconspicuous. Pods flat, on a 2-9 mm(?) long stipe, broadly linear obtuse, dark brown, septate, usually irregularly indented; the sutures prominently marked. Seeds 30-60, linear, flattened, glossy, c. 6 mm long.
More
Tree 10-15 m tall. Stems sparsely pubescent with appressed golden hairs, otherwise glabrous. Leaves 12-20 cm long, the petiole 0.5-1 cm long, the rachis bearing a conic, pointed nectary between the proximal and sometimes more distal pairs of leaflets; leaflets 15-30(-35) pairs per leaf, narrowly oblong, 1.5-4.5 cm long x 0.3-0.8 cm wide, apex rounded-mucronate, base asymmetrical, rounded, venation obscure except central midvein, darker above than below (at least when dried) Inflorescence a terminal exserted panicle 10-25 cm tall; sepals oblong-ovate, very unequal; petals unequal, the largest opposite the ovary and with raised, prominent abaxial venation; fertile stamens 7, the anthers of the 3 long abaxial stamens with an apical hooked beak to 1 mm long, the 4 median anthers with retuse beaks dehiscent by 2 terminal pores; ovary glabrous, displaced to one side of the flower curled, stigma porate. Fruits stipitate, flattened, broadly linear, 8-20 cm long x 1.3-2 cm wide; valves papery, black-brown, internally corky septate, seed compartments broader than long; seeds narrowly oblong, brown, bearing an elliptic areole on each face.
Shrubs, small trees, or trees, 7-20(-40) m tall. Young parts generally puberulent; branchlets reddish brown when dry. Leaves 12-20 cm; stipules early caducous, linear; rachis and petiole puberulent, with a long, ovoid gland on rachis between lowest pair of leaflets (often early caducous); leaflets 10-26(-50) pairs, linear-oblong or oblong, 1.2-4 × 0.6-0.8 cm, both surfaces puberulent or adaxially glabrous, apex obtusely rounded, mucronate, slightly oblique. Racemes several, arranged in a terminal, leafy panicle 10-20(-40) cm; peduncle and pedicels puberulent. Flowers 2.5-4 cm in diam.; bracts ovate, ca. 2 mm, tomentose. Sepals greenish yellow when ma­ture, slightly unequal, 5-6 mm. Petals yellow, ovate-oblong, 1-2(-3) cm, glabrous. Fertile stamens 7, 3 larger, with filament ca. 10 mm and anthers 6-7 mm, staminodes 3, tiny. Ovary linear, glabrous. Legume dark brown, flat, broadly linear, obtuse. Seeds 30-60, flattened, ca. 6 mm.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 15.0 - 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Found in a wide range of habitats, soils and elevations, from savannah to the more open areas of the rain forest, and only occasionally found in the dense forest.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Uses charcoal environmental use material medicinal ornamental pasture shade wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use Insecticides (flower), Asthma (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Senna multijuga flower picture by Makoto Makoto (cc-by-sa)
Senna multijuga flower picture by Makoto Makoto (cc-by-sa)
Senna multijuga flower picture by Célio Roberto Rangel (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Senna multijuga fruit picture by Makoto Makoto (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Senna multijuga world distribution map, present in American Samoa, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Fiji, Ghana, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Malaysia, New Zealand, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Sierra Leone, El Salvador, Suriname, Seychelles, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uruguay, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Senna multijuga threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:234544-2
WFO ID wfo-0000164356
COL ID 4WPBP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447051
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cassia multijuga Cassia fulgens Senna multijuga Chamaesenna multijuga Peiranisia multijuga Senna multijuga var. multijuga

Lower taxons

Senna multijuga subsp. lindleyana Senna multijuga subsp. multijuga Senna multijuga var. verrucosa Senna multijuga subsp. doylei