Senna pendula (humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) H.s.irwin & Barneby

Valamuerto (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Senna

Characteristics

Shrub l-3(-4) m high, indumentum varying from almost glabrous to more or less densely pubescent. Stipules linear lanceolate, 2-10 mm long, very early caducous. Leaves with 3-6 pairs of leaflets; petiole 1.5-4 cm, sulcate; rachis 3-6 cm with a subsessile, ovoid to obovoid gland between the lowest pair of leaflets, more rarely between the second pair or between all but the distal. Leaflets obovate to oblanceolate, unequal-sided, 2-5 by 1-3 cm; upper surface glabrous, lower more or less sparsely pubescent; base unequal-sided, more or less cuneate; petiolules c. 1 mm, pubescent. Racemes axillary, usually few-flowered, 3-10 cm long including the 3 cm long peduncle; bracts similar to the stipules; pedicels 15-30 mm long. Sepals glabrous, ovate to oblong, broadly rounded, c. 10 mm long. Petals golden to orange-yellow, obovate, 15-25 mm long, subsessile. Stamens: 2 long with filaments 11-12 mm, anthers curved, c. 10 mm, opening by apical pores; 1 shorter with filament 4-5 mm and a similar but narrower anther; 4 short ones with filaments 1-2 mm and straight anthers 4-6 mm; 3 staminodes with 1-2 mm filament and anthers transformed to a trapeziform blade; all yellow. Ovary sessile, more or less sparsely puberulous; style filiform, incurved or hooked distally; stigma inconspicuous. Pods pendulous, terete, short-stiped (sterile at base and looking long-stiped), stipe 2-5 mm, usually glabrous, 8-15 cm long, 5 mm diam. Seeds dark brown, flattened, ovoid, 4-6 mm, separated by septa.
More
Scandent or sprawling shrub to 4 m tall, the branches often arching. Leaves 6-12(-15) cm long, the petiole 1.5-3 cm long, the rachis bearing a squat, fusiform nectary between the proximal and sometimes all pairs of leaflets; leaflets 3-5 pairs, obovate to elliptic, the terminal pair 2-5 cm long x 1-2 cm wide, apex rounded to obtuse, base rounded, asymmetrical, venation often raised-reticulate. Inflorescences of axillary corymbose racemes, terminal on the branches and exserted above the foliage, peduncles stout, 4-6(-10) cm long at anthesis, pedicels 1-3 cm long, flowers 5-15 per raceme; sepals oblong to obovate, glabrous, unequal; petals obovate, 1-2 cm long, glabrous; fertile stamens 6, the lowermost abaxial stamen sterile and shorter than the 2 long abaxial stamens, anthers constricted below the apex, dehiscent by 2 confluent terminal pores, the apices of the abaxial anthers truncate, of the median anthers oblique; ovary glabrous to hirsute, stigma minutely porate. Fruits stipitate, cylindrical, inflated, linear-oblong, 5-10 cm long x 0.8-1.4 cm in diameter; valves glabrous, papery, dark brown, corrugated over the seeds, internally septate and pulpy; seeds in 2 rows, ovate, dark brown, glossy, lacking an areole.
An evergreen shrub. It grows 1-4 m above sea level. The leaves are alternate and compound. There are 3-6 pairs of leaflets. They are oblong. The flowering shoots have 3-12 flowers. They are near the tips of the stems. The flowers are yellow or yellowish-green. The fruit is a cylinder shaped pod. It is slender, smooth and dark green. It is 7-12 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.5
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Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in the lowlands and up to 100 m above sea level.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
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Images

Senna pendula unspecified picture

Distribution

Senna pendula world distribution map, present in Argentina, American Samoa, Australia, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Ghana, Guatemala, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Mexico, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Panama, Peru, Paraguay, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Senna pendula threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:911386-1
WFO ID wfo-0000164471
COL ID 4WPCD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Senna pendula Chamaefistula pendula Cassia pendula Senna pendula var. pendula Cassia indecora var. pendula

Lower taxons

Senna pendula var. glabrata Senna pendula var. ovalifolia Senna pendula var. recondita Senna pendula var. scandens Senna pendula var. stahlii Senna pendula var. tenuifolia Senna pendula var. eriocarpa Senna pendula var. hemirostrata Senna pendula var. ambigua Senna pendula var. dolichandra Senna pendula var. indecora