Senna sulfurea (Collad.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby

Smooth senna (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Senna

Characteristics

Shrubs, large, or small trees. Young shoots pilose, later glabrescent. Leaves 15-30 cm, with a clavate gland 1-2 mm on rachis between each of lowest 2 pairs of leaflets; stipules cadu­cous, linear; petiole 3.5-6.5 cm; petiolules ca. 3 mm; leaflets 4-6 pairs, usually 5 pairs, abaxially farina-white, adaxially greenish, ovate or elliptic, 3.5-10 × 2.5-4 cm, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, apex obtusely rounded or inconspicu­ously emarginate. Racemes in axils of leaves in upper part of branches; peduncles 3-10 cm; rachis 1-6 cm; bracts ovate, 3-8 mm, apex acute, finally reflexed. Pedicels 1-3 cm. Sepals green to reddish brown, unequal, outer 2 suborbicular, ca. 3 mm in diam., inner 3 obovate, 6-9 mm. Petals bright yellow (drying orange or pinkish brown), ovate or obovate, 1.5-2.5 cm, 5-veined, clawed. Stamens 10, all fertile, with short, thick fila­ments, lowest 2 with longer filaments; anthers subequal, opening by short, apical slits. Ovary hairy; style glabrous. Leg­ume glossy, flat, straight, strap-shaped, dehiscent, 12-20 × 1.2-1.8 cm, with long, slender beak on top, valves papery. Seeds 20-30, oblong-elliptic, ca. 7 × 4 mm.
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Large shrub or small tree, 2-6 m tall; young parts strigulose later glabrous. Stipules linear falcate, 6-15 mm long. Leaves with 4-6 pairs of leaflets; petiole 3-5.6 cm; rachis 5-15 cm with a clavate gland, 1-2 mm long, between the 2 or 3 (or 4) lower pairs of leaflets. Leaflets with short petiolule, broadly elliptic-lanceolate, 5-10 by 2-4 cm, with acute apex; upper surface glabrous, lower sparsely pubescent. Inflorescences lateral racemes with peduncles 3-10 cm, axis 1-6 cm; bracts ovate acute, 3-8 mm long, finally reflexed; pedicels 1-3 cm. Sepals green to reddish brown, 2 outer suborbicular c. 3 mm, the 3 inner obovate, increasing to 6-9 mm in length. Petals bright yellow (drying orange or pinkish brown), ovate-obovate, 1.5-2 cm long, with a narrow claw 1-1.5 cm long. Stamens 10 fertile with thick, short filaments, 1-4 mm; anthers subequal 5-7 mm long, opening apically by short slits. Ovary strigulose; style glabrous, filiform; stigma inconspicuous. Pods flat, glossy, 12-17 by 1.5-1.8 cm with papery valves. Seeds 20-30, oblong-elliptic, c. 7 by 4 mm.
A shrub or small tree. Young shoots are hairy. The leaves are 15-30 cm long. There are 4-6 pairs of leaflets along the stalk. These are 4-10 cm long by 3-4 cm wide. Flowers are in groups in the axils of leaves. The petals are bright yellow. The pods are shiny and flat. They are 12-20 cm long by 1-2 cm wide. They have a long slender beak at the end. There are 20-30 seeds. They are 7 mm long by 4 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 6.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

UsesCultivated as ornamental throughout SE Asia from remote times, also grown as a shade plant.
Uses environmental use hedge material medicinal ornamental shade windbreak
Edible flowers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Senna sulfurea unspecified picture

Distribution

Senna sulfurea world distribution map, present in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bangladesh, Brazil, Barbados, China, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Myanmar, Mauritius, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1162182-2
WFO ID wfo-0000183557
COL ID 6YGRM
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 632221
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cassia arborescens Cassia sulfurea Cassia horsfieldii Senna sulfurea Cassia petropolitana Robinia javanica Cassia sieberi Psilorhegma glauca Senna speciosa Cassia enneaphylla Senna arborescens Wellia tagera Cassia surattensis subsp. glauca Cassia glauca