Sesbania rostrata Bremek. & Oberm.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Sesbania

Characteristics

Erect softly woody plant 1–3 m. tall, not aculeate, the stems pithy, up to 15 mm. thick, sparsely pilose at first, later glabrescent with vertical rows of pustules above the leaf-axils which produce curious warty outgrowths on older stems.. Stipules lanceolate, reflexed, pilose, rather persistent, up to 10 mm. long; leaf-rhachis sparsely pilose, up to 19 cm. long; leaflets in 15–22 pairs, up to 30 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, glabrous above, usually sparsely pilose on the margins and the midrib beneath.. Racemes 3–15-flowered, the rhachis pilose, 1–5 cm. long, including a peduncle of 4–15 mm.; bracts and bracteoles linear-lanceolate, pilose, caducous; pedicels up to 13 mm. long, sparsely pilose.. Young buds markedly apiculate.. Calyx sparsely pilose; receptacle 1 mm., calyx-tube 4.5 mm. long; teeth markedly acuminate, with narrow sometimes almost filiform tips, 1–2 mm. long.. Blade of standard 11–12 mm. long and 11 mm. wide; appendages with short triangular free tips 0.5–0.6 mm. long (fig. 49/8b, p. 332); claw 3 mm. long; blade of wing 11–12 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, toothed but not hooked at the base; claw 3 mm.; blade of keel 10–12 mm. long, 3–4 mm. wide at the base and 7–9 mm. near the apex; basal tooth short, triangular; claw 4–5 mm. long (fig. 49/8a).. Filament-sheath 11–13 mm., free parts 4–6 mm., anthers 1 mm. long.. Ovary glabrous; style glabrous, 5–6 mm. long.. Pod ± erect, curved, 15–22 cm. long, including a slender beak of 15–35 mm., 4–5 mm. wide, thicker at the centre than at the sutures, 25–30-seeded; septa 4.5–5.5 mm. apart.. Seeds brown, minutely dotted with violet, subcylindrical, 3–3.5 × 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm.; hilum 0.5 mm. long.
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Standard yellow or orange, speckled dark purple or reddish, 1.2–1.6(1.8) × 1.1–1.4(1.5) cm, the blade suborbicular, apically emarginate, the appendages with short triangular upward-pointing or slightly incurved free tips less than 1 mm long; wings yellow, 1.3–1.6(1.7) cm × 3.5–5 mm, the small, triangular tooth and the upper margin of the basal half of the blade together characteristically inrolled, lamellate sculpturing in upper basal section on outer face; keel yellow to pale greenish, 1.2–1.5(1.7) cm × 6.5–9 mm, basal tooth short, triangular, slightly upward-pointing with a small, 3–4 mm long, pocket below it on inner face of the blade.
Leaves (4.6)7–25.5 cm long, the rachides sparsely pilose;petioles 3–8 mm long, sparsely to densely pilose; leaflets opposite or sometimes alternate in (6)12–24(27) pairs, 0.9–3.5 cm × 2–10 mm, the basal pair usually smaller than the rest, sometimes 5 × 3 mm, oblong, rounded to obtuse to slightly emarginate at the apex, apiculate, glabrous above or rarely with an occasional hair on the midrib, usually sparsely pilose on margins and midrib beneath; stipules 5–10 mm long, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, reflexed, pilose, rather persistent.
An annual herb. It grows 1.5 m high. It is softly woody. It can live for a few years. The stems are 15 mm thick. The leaves have 12-22 pairs of leaflets along the stalk. These are 3 cm long and 6 mm wide. There are 3-15 flowers in a group. They are yellow. The fruit is a curved pod 15-22 cm long. It has a slender beak. The seeds are oval and 4 mm long by 3 mm wide. They are brown with small purple dots.
Racemes axillary, shorter than the subtending leaf, (0.5)1–5.9 cm long, the rachis pilose, (1)3–12(15)-flowered; peduncle (0.2)0.4–1.5(2.2) cm long, pilose especially at the base; pedicels 0.4–1.5(1.9) cm long, sparsely pilose; bracts and bracteoles linear to linear-lanceolate, sparsely pilose, caducous, the bracts 5–8 mm long, the bracteoles c.5 mm long.
Pod 15–22 cm long (including a slender beak 1.5–3.5 cm long), 3.5–5 mm wide, erect, falcate, distinctly thicker at the centre than at the sutures, the central areas on mature fruits with prominent venation, this sometimes interspersed with red blotching or dark red warts, glabrous, (13)24–51-seeded; septa 3.5–4.5(5) mm apart.
Stems pithy, sparsely pilose at first, later glabrescent with vertical rows of pustules usually evident above the leaf axils and producing warty outgrowths on older stems, submerged portions clothed with matted fibrous roots.
Seeds brown, greenish or dark reddish-brown, 3–3.5 × 2.5–3 mm, 2–2.5 mm thick, ± cube-shaped to subcylindrical, the hilum in a small central circular pit.
Calyx 5–7.5 × 4–5 mm, sparsely pilose, the teeth 1–2 mm long, subulate, sparsely pilose.
An erect, robust, softly woody, non-aculeate annual or biennial herb, 1–3 m tall.
Ovary sparsely pilose on upper margin or glabrous; style glabrous.
Life form
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.25 - 2.5
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
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Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It appears in the rainy season along roadsides in West Africa. It grows in wet and muddy places along flood plains. It can grow in water up to 1 m deep for a time. It grows between 500-1,200 m above sea level. It can grow in soils with a pH between 5.5 to slightly alkaline. It grows best with temperatures above 25°C.
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Marshes, floodplains, on muddy river banks and the edges of pools, but has also been recorded in open savannah.
Light -
Soil humidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The flower is eaten raw.
Uses experimental purposes fiber fibre fodder food forage manure medicinal
Edible flowers leaves seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds or cuttings. Cuttings grow most quickly and cuttings 30 cm long are suitable. The seeds can have a hard seed coat so need to be put in hot water (80°C) for 5 minutes. Alternatively the seed coat can be scratched. Plants can be cut back and allowed to re-grow. It can be grown amongst corn. Seeds are produced when the daylength is less than 11 hours. The bacteria to form nodules is Azorhizobium caulinodans. When these are present it fixes large amounts of nitrogen. They could be collected from old plants with nodules that are red inside.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) 15 - 30
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Sesbania rostrata world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Cabo Verde, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritania, Malawi, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Nepal, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Sesbania rostrata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:518528-1
WFO ID wfo-0000178404
COL ID 4WZ6W
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sesbania rostrata Sesbania hirticalyx