Shorea stenoptera Burck

Light red meranti (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Dipterocarpaceae > Shorea

Characteristics

Small tree. Twig apex, petiole and midrib above sometimes densely ocherous pubescent (immature tree?), more commonly glabrous; stipule outside occasionally sparsely pubescent. Twig 3-4 mm ø apically, somewhat compressed to terete, becoming smooth; stipule scars pale, prominent, descending, amplexicaul. Bud4 by 3 mm, ellipsoid, obtuse, usually obscured by stipules. Stipule to 2 by 1 cm, ovate, deltoid, obtuse, subauriculate at base, subpersistent. Leaves 18-40 by 8-22 cm, large, oblong, thickly coriaceous; base broadly cuneate to cordate; acumen to 2 cm long, ± prominent; nerves 10-14 pairs, stout, prominent, beneath, at 45°-60° along the midrib, to 110° near its base; tertiary nerves remotely scalariform; midrib evident but applanate above, prominent and terete beneath; petiole 2.3-4.5 cm long, stout. Panicle to 35 cm long, terminal or axillary, glabrous or (rarely) sparsely pubescent towards the base; borne behind the twig apices in the axils of fugaceous rudimentary leaves, a chain of short internodes being concealed in a dense profusion of the straight terete inflorescences with ascending branchlets; branchlets to 10 cm long; bracts and bracteoles to 6 by 4 mm, identical, ovate, acute, glabrous, not at first caducous. Flower bud to 7 by 3 mm, lanceolate. Sepals deltoid, acute, densely pubescent outside, sparsely so within; inner 2 smaller, relatively narrower than outer 3. Petals deep pink, lanceolate, sparsely pubescent on parts exposed in bud. Stamens 15, the inner 5 somewhat longer than the others and exceeding the style apex; filaments compressed, lorate, connate at margins along 3/4 of their length, tapering abruptly below the ellipsoid anthers; appendage to connective slender, 3-4 x length of anther, sericeous towards the apex. Ovary narrowly ovoid, glabrous; style and stylopodium spindle-shaped, slender, glabrous. Fruit pedicel to 4 mm long and Ø, prominent. Calyx glabrous; 3 longer lobes to 7.5 by 2 cm, spatulate, obtuse, to 1 cm broad above the to 2.5 by 2 cm ovate thickened saccate base; 2 shorter lobes to 5.5 by 0.8 cm, lorate-spatulate, obtuse, similar at base. Nut to 5 by 3 cm, ovoid, apiculate, large, densely shortly evenly buff pubescent.
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A large tree. It grows 25 m tall. The trunk can be 60 cm across. It has small buttresses. The leaves are narrowly oval to oblong and 18-40 cm long by 8-22 cm wide. They are thickly leathery with 10-14 pairs of secondary veins. It flowers and fruits annually. The flowers are deep pink in the axils of leaves or at the ends of the branches. The fruit are oval nuts. There are 3 long calyx lobes that are spoon shaped and 7.5 cm long by 2 cm wide and then 2 shorter lobes.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in poorly drained sandy soils at low elevations. It can be in seasonally flooded sandy river banks and lowland forests.
More
Locally common on humic soils on seldom flooded sandy alluvium, and in kerangas forest on more or less poorly drained podsols at low elevations.
Locally common on +-poorly drained sandy soils on alluvium and plateaux at low altitudes.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The nuts are the source of a fat sometimes called illipe butter and used as a substitute for cocoa butter in the production of chocolate.
Uses food material medicinal oil timber wood
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds or stem cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Shorea stenoptera world distribution map, present in Anguilla

Conservation status

Shorea stenoptera threat status: Near Threatened

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321455-1
WFO ID wfo-0000499399
COL ID 4X53M
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Shorea stenoptera

Lower taxons

Shorea stenoptera var. scabra