Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx.

Gum bully (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Sapotaceae > Sideroxylon

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees, to 15 m. Stems not armed or armed, villous, glabrescent. Leaves deciduous; petiole 2-14 mm, villous or sparsely hairy to glabrate; blade (dull to lustrous adaxially), oblong or oblanceolate to spatulate, 15-97 × 7-40 mm, base acute to attenuate, margins plane, apex rounded to obtuse, rarely acute, abaxial surface usually villous, rarely glabrate, venation visible, midrib villous (hairs white or gray to tawny, entangled, wavy), adaxial surface glabrate (hairs scattered along midribs), midrib flat, marginal vein absent. Inflorescences 7-17-flowered. Pedicels 2-7 mm, villous, rarely glabrous. Flowers: calyx 1.9-3.2 mm diam.; sepals (4-)5, 1.8-2.8 × 1.4-1.9 mm, lanate-villous; petals (4-)5(-6), white, median segment oblong to ovate, 1.2-1.8 mm, lateral segments lanceolate or falcate, 0.8-1.8 mm; stamens 5(-6), 2.5-2.8 mm; staminodes lanceolate, 1.3-2.5 mm, entire or erose; anthers sagittate, 0.8-1.2 mm; pistil 5(-8)-carpellate; ovary 5(-8)-locular, 1-1.2 mm, strigose; style 1.1-1.5 mm. Berries purplish black, broadly ellipsoid to obovoid, 7-12 mm, glabrate. Seeds 6-11 mm.
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A tree. It grows 18 m high. It is usually smaller in cultivation. It loses its leaves in cooler regions but stays evergreen in warmer places. It has a tall narrow crown. The bark is scaly and dark brown. The leaves are small and blunt tipped. They are shiny dark green on the upper surface and are densely woolly underneath. The flowers are 3 mm wide. They are bell shaped and have a 5-lobed white corolla. The fruit are purplish black. They are 12-25 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate and subtropical plant. It grows in valleys and rocky slopes. It usually grows to 760 m altitude in SE of the USA. It suits hardiness zones 6-11.
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On sandy beaches and in sandy woods, preferring water courses and washes. Upland and floodplain forests, sandhills, hammocks; at elevations up to 2,000 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-9

Usage

The gum is chewed. The fruit can be eaten. The fruit are ground and mixed with water as a soft drink. CAUTION: If the fruit are eaten in a large quantities they can cause dizziness and stomach upsets.
Uses gum material medicinal wood
Edible barks fruits gums saps seeds
Therapeutic use Masticatory (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Sideroxylon lanuginosum leaf picture by Cody Stanley (cc-by-sa)
Sideroxylon lanuginosum leaf picture by Tim Rutland (cc-by-sa)
Sideroxylon lanuginosum leaf picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Sideroxylon lanuginosum world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Georgia, and United States of America

Conservation status

Sideroxylon lanuginosum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:236052-2
WFO ID wfo-0000310790
COL ID 4X9FC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lyciodes lanuginosa Bumelia lanuginosa Chrysophyllum ludovicianum Bumelia lanuginosa var. albicans Bumelia lanuginosa subsp. typica Sideroxylon lanuginosum

Lower taxons

Sideroxylon lanuginosum subsp. lanuginosum Sideroxylon lanuginosum subsp. oblongifolium Sideroxylon lanuginosum subsp. rigidum