Silene armeria L.

Sweet william silene (en), Silène armérie (fr), Silène à bouquets (fr), Atocion armérie (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Caryophyllaceae > Silene

Characteristics

Plants annual, glabrous through-out, ± glaucous, some-times glu-tinous in distal parts; taproot slender. Stems simple, branched in inflorescence, (10-)20-40(-70) cm. Leaves: basal withering be-fore flowering, blade lanceolate-spatulate, 2-5 cm; cauline sessile to amplexicaulous, blade lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, 1-6 cm × 5-25 mm, apex acute. Inflorescences cymose, bracteate; cyme capitate or with flowers clustered at end of slender branches; bracts lanceolate-acicular, 2-10 mm. Pedicels 0.1-0.5 cm. Flowers: calyx usually purple tinged, 10-veined, elongate, clavate, lobed, constricted proximally into narrow tube, 13-17 × 2.5-4 mm, rather mem-branous; lobes ovate-triangular, ca. 1 mm, apex obtuse; petals pink (rarely white), unlobed, limb obovate, ca. 5 mm, base cuneate into claw 6-8 mm, auricles absent, appendages linear to lanceolate, 2-3 mm, apex acute; stamens slightly longer than petal claws; styles 3(-4), exserted. Capsules oblong, 7-10 mm, opening by 6 (or 8) spreading teeth; carpophore 7-8 mm, glabrous. Seeds dark brown, reniform-rotund, less than 1 mm diam., rugose. 2n = 24 (Europe).
More
Taprooted annual or biennial. Stems 1-several, erect, glabrous, usually with a dark sticky patch c. 1 cm long beneath upper nodes, (10)-20-50 cm tall. Lvs glabrous, glaucous; basal lvs obovate to oblanceolate to spathulate, subacute to acute, cuneate at base, 3-6 × 0.5-1.5 cm; stem lvs ovate to lanceolate, sessile and amplexicaul at base, acute, (1.5)-2-7-(10) × (0.5)-1-2-(2.5) cm. Infl. a 10-30-flowered sub-capitate dichasium; pedicels 2-5-(9) mm long; bracts ovate, scarious. Fls ☿. Calyx glabrous, narrowly cylindric, broadest above middle, not or slightly contracted at mouth, 10-veined, often pinkish, 12-15 mm long; teeth oblong, obtuse, erect. Petals pink; limb obtuse to shallowly emarginate; claw not lobed; coronal scales linear-acuminate, c. 2 mm long. Styles 3, erect, c. 5 mm long. Capsule oblong, included in calyx, 5-7 mm long; teeth 6; carpophore c. 6 mm long. Seeds red-brown, reniform, finely warty, 0.6 mm long; faces hollowed; back grooved.
Glabrous or rarely sparsely puberulent annual 1–7 dm, the stem sometimes with slightly glutinous zones below some of the upper nodes; lvs sessile and ± clasping (basal more spatulate), 2–5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, rather numerous; infl open or compact, the ultimate cymes congested; cal tubular-clavate, much constricted below, umbilicate, 13–17 mm, 10-nerved; pet pink or lavender, auricles none, appendages linear, 2–3 mm, the blade 4–7 mm, obovate, truncate to emarginate; carpophore 7–8 mm; fr almost wholly 3-locular; seeds 0.6 mm wide, rugose; 2n=24. Native of Europe, formerly much cult., and found as a casual weed in our range. June, July.
Polymorphous, annual or biennial, glaucous herb. Stems erect, up to 40 cm, viscid in upper part. Leaves spathulate in basal part, early withering; cauline leaves ovate-cordate to narrowly elliptic with acute apex. Inflorescence usually rather densely flowered, but often with two main branches. Calyx cylindrical, widened towards apex, 10-13 mm, teeth obtuse to acute. Petals usually pink, lamina obovate, emarginate, coronal scales narrowly elliptic, acute. Ovary ovoid. Capsule oblong, 7-10 mm, as long as or slightly longer than the carpophore. Seeds dark brown, reniform, rugose, c. 0.8 mm.
Pending.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 2.0
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.5
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Fields, waste places, disturbed ground.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 13 - 20
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Silene armeria unspecified picture

Distribution

Silene armeria world distribution map, present in Albania, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bhutan, Canada, Switzerland, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Guatemala, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Jamaica, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Mauritius, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Réunion, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Turkey, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:156849-1
WFO ID wfo-0000438904
COL ID 4XBNH
BDTFX ID 63987
INPN ID 123396
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Silene armeria Cucubalus fasciculatus Silene lituanica Atocion lituanicum Atocion armeroides Atocion armeria var. lituanicum Atocion armeria var. sparsiflorum Atocion armeria