Silene nocturna L.

Silène nocturne (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Caryophyllaceae > Silene

Characteristics

Annual to 50 cm tall; stems erect, wand-like, simple or branched, 0.75-1.5 mm diam., lower parts closely puberulous with very short, spreading hairs mixed with longer hairs up to 1 mm long; upper parts of stems and inflorescences closely puberulous with very short, spreading hairs mixed with short, spreading, gland-tipped hairs. Leaves mostly basal, oblanceolate to spathulate-oblanceolate becoming oblong-lanceolate distally, 15-50 x 5-15 mm, apiculate or obtuse, base narrowed in lower leaves, ± densely pubescent with ± appressed hairs, mixed on upper leaves with gland-tipped hairs, margins towards base ciliate with hairs to 1 mm long, without evident side veins. Inflorescence a secund, spike-like monochasium terminating main stems and branches, (3-)5-8-flowered, lower flowers remote; bracts smaller than leaves, unequal, fertile bract linear to awl-shaped, densely puberulous with gland-tipped hairs mixed with acute, eglandular hairs; pedicels up to 12 mm long in lower flowers and elongating to 35 mm long in fruit, mostly 3-4 mm long in upper flowers or more rarely upper flowers subsessile, lowermost pedicels sometimes patent or deflexed in fruit. Calyx narrowly urn-shaped in flower, 9-12 x 2.0-2.5 mm at anthesis, equally 10-veined, reticulately veined in distal half, densely adpressed-puberulous with slightly longer hairs 0.5 mm long on veins, lobes narrowly triangular-lanceolate, ±2 mm long, densely ciliolate. Flowers suberect at anthesis, unscented, nocturnal or cleistogamous. Petals pink, claw 6-8 mm long, oblong but narrowed below, without auricles, limb bifid or emarginate, 1.5-4.0 x 1.5-4.0 mm, coronal scales 0.25-0.5 mm long. Stamen filaments unequal, 5-7 mm long, shorter series shortly included, longer series shortly exserted. Ovary pyriform, ± 4 mm long; styles ± 2 mm long, deeply included. Capsule ovoid, 6-8 x 4 mm, ± 4-5 x longer than carpophore, minutely transversely rugulose; carpophore ± 1.5-2 mm long, pubescent. Seeds 0.5-1.0 mm, reniform with hilar notch, reddish brown, face excavate-auriculate, testal cells radially elongated-fusiform, colliculate, back broad with narrow, tuberculate groove.
More
Herb, annual, glandular-pubescent. Stems erect, simple or branched, 10–60 cm high. Leaves appressed-pubescent, ciliate, 10–55 mm long, 3–12 mm wide; basal leaves shortly petiolate, obovate-spathulate, with petiole to 10 mm long; cauline leaves sessile or subsessile, lanceolate-obtuse. Inflorescence simple or sparsely branched, racemose, few to many-flowered; bracts herbaceous. Pedicels 2–10 mm long, hairy, sometimes glandular. Calyx narrowly ovoid, 6–13 mm long, accrescent in fruit, 10-veined, eglandular-hairy; veins green or purplish, reticulate; calyx lobes triangular to acuminate, much shorter than tube. Petal limb c. 1.5 mm long, pink, bifid. Styles 3. Capsule ovoid-cylindrical, 5–11 mm long, opening by 6 teeth; carpophore 0.5–2 mm long, ± puberulent. Seeds reniform, 0.7–0.8 mm long, greyish red; faces deeply concave; rim very broad, not winged, acutely tuberculate only in the shallow groove, blunt elsewhere.
Shortly hairy annual to 45 cm. Leaves oblanceolate, ciliate. Flowers in subsecund, spike-like, monochasial cymes, white to pink, sometimes ± cleistogamous, calyx shortly hairy, 7-10 mm long, petals bifid, carpophore ± 1 mm long.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.55
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grows in disturbed areas.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 15 - 20
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Silene nocturna habit picture by bas yves (cc-by-sa)
Silene nocturna habit picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Silene nocturna leaf picture by bas yves (cc-by-sa)
Silene nocturna leaf picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-sa)
Silene nocturna leaf picture by Mallol Camprubí Albert (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Silene nocturna flower picture by bas yves (cc-by-sa)
Silene nocturna flower picture by Tarmorin (cc-by-sa)
Silene nocturna flower picture by garcia (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Silene nocturna fruit picture by M.angeles Basurte (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Silene nocturna world distribution map, present in Australia, France, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:157913-1
WFO ID wfo-0000440805
COL ID 4XCQK
BDTFX ID 64245
INPN ID 123563
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Corone nocturna Silene boullui Cucubalus spicatus Cucubalus reflexus Silene reflexa Silene nocturna subsp. boullui Silene mirabilis subsp. boullui Silene nocturna

Lower taxons

Silene nocturna subsp. neglecta Silene nocturna var. brachypetala