Silene pendula L.

Nodding catchfly (en), Silène à fleurs penchées (fr), Silène pendant (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Caryophyllaceae > Silene

Characteristics

Plants annual, with several decumbent shoots; taproot slender. Stems procumbent to ascending, branched, leafy, 15-45 cm, lanuginose, often sparsely so, viscid distally. Leaves 2 per node; proximal with blade obovate, spatulate, apex obtuse; distal sessile, blade ovate to lanceolate, 2-5 cm × 2-20 mm, apex acute, sparsely pubescent adaxially, more densely so abaxially. Inflorescences pseudoracemose, lax, solitary flowers in axils of leafy bracts. Pedicels erect in flower, sharply deflexed at base in fruit, usually shorter than calyx, pilose and stipitate-glandular. Flowers: calyx prominently 10-veined, obovoid, especially in fruit, clavate, constricted around carpophore and narrowed at mouth, umbilicate, inflated, 13-18 mm, loose and papery, pubescence glandular and eglandular, sparsely lanuginose, veins parallel, green or purple, with pale commissures, lobes triangular, ca. 2 mm, apex obtuse; corolla bright pink, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb obtriangular, 2-lobed, 7-11 mm, lobes divergent, ovate, appendages 2, shorter than 1 mm, apex acute; stamens slightly longer than petal claw; stigmas 3, equaling petals. Capsules included in calyx, ovoid-conic, opening by 6 teeth; carpophore 3-6 mm. Seeds dark brown, broadly reniform, 1.3-1.5 mm, with concentric crescents of shallow tubercles on both sides, margins with larger, deeper tubercles. 2n = 24 (Europe).
More
Taprooted annual. Stems ascending, with glandular and fine eglandular hairs, 20-40 cm tall. Lvs with glandular and eglandular hairs, green, obovate-spathulate below, lanceolate and acute above, shortly connate in pairs, (10)-15-40 × (5)-8-20 mm. Infl. a lax 5-8-flowered raceme-like monochasium; pedicels erect at flowering, patent or pendent at fruiting, 10-20 mm long; bracts narrow-lanceolate, acute, green. Fls ☿. Calyx cylindric at flowering, clavate, inflated and contracted at mouth at fruiting, often pink, (11)-12-16 mm long, with short dark glandular hairs on the 10 prominent veins, and fine white subappressed eglandular hairs; teeth triangular-obtuse, erect. Petals pink, emarginate; claw lobed at base of limb; coronal scales obtuse, c. 1 mm long. Styles 3, c. 8 mm long. Capsule ovoid, included in calyx; teeth 6; carpophore 3-6 mm long. Seeds blackish, subglobose, warty, c. 1.3 mm long.
Annual herb. Stems branched, glandular pubescent, procumbent to ascending, up to 40 cm. Leaves ovate to narrowly ovate, pubescent, 3-5 by 0.5-1.5 cm, apex rounded to acute, sometimes mucronate. Inflorescence a raceme-like, monochasial, lax cyme; pedicels first erect, later patent or deflexed, 5-10 mm. Calyx obovoid, viscid-pubescent, much inflated in fruit with hyaline bands between the prominent narrow veins, 10-15 mm long, 10-12 mm broad in fruit, teeth short, triangular, obtuse, c. 2 mm. Petals pink (to white). Capsule obovoid-conical, 10-12 mm; carpophore 3-6 mm. Seeds 1.3-1.5 mm, subglobose, dark brown, with convex faces, rugose.
A Mediterranean sp. with horizontal or nodding fls, cal 12–18 mm in fr, the pet notched, occasionally escapes from cult.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.18 - 0.43
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 6-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

Uses environmental use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 13 - 20
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Silene pendula leaf picture by Diego Alex (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Silene pendula flower picture by Ernesto Aguirre (cc-by-sa)
Silene pendula flower picture by Blanca Antonio (cc-by-sa)
Silene pendula flower picture by Nick Henson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Silene pendula world distribution map, present in Argentina, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Spain, Estonia, France, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, India, Italy, Malta, New Zealand, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, Uruguay, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:158042-1
WFO ID wfo-0000439758
COL ID 6Z2GK
BDTFX ID 64303
INPN ID 123588
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Silene pendula Silene cisplatensis