Solandra maxima (Sessé & Moc.) P.S.Green

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solandra

Characteristics

High climbing hemi-epiphyte or cultivated as a scandent shrub to 1.5 m tall. Leaves broadly elliptic, to 14 cm long, apically acuminate, basally mostly obtuse, glabrous or with an occasional hair on the veins beneath; petioles slender, 2-5 cm long. Flowers solitary or several in a cluster, each terminal on a short stout peduncle; pedicels stout, 1-1.5 cm long, often with conspicuous tubercules; calyx tubular, 5-8 cm long, angled and sometimes inflated, appearing stout when dried, splitting 1/4-1/3 the way down into 3-5 lobes, the lobes slender or broad, apiculate, glabrous outside, sometimes fleshy; corolla fleshy, craterform, conspicuous, yellow, becoming darker with age, 5 conspicuous greenish ribs outside and 5 or 10 purplish ribs within in the tube and limb, the tube slender, 8-13 cm long, mostly abruptly expanded into a large limb (cup) 8-15 cm in diameter, the lobes rotund, crenate to entire margined, glabrous outside, pilose inside for a distance below the point of filament insertion; filaments geniculate at the point of insertion, glabrous, anthers 10-13 cm long; ovary mostly inferior in flower, the superior portion meniscoid, depressed in the center, the style some-times purplish apically, the stigma green. Fruit (Martinez, 1966) ovoid, smooth, shiny, ca. 7 cm across, the calyx persistent.
More
Straggling and scrambling, wide ranging, stout evergreen shrub to large woody vine, developing aerial roots as it climbs; shoots glabrous. Leaves alternate; lamina elliptic to broadly elliptic or ± obovate, (7–) 9–15 (–18) cm long, (3.5–) 5–8 (–11) cm wide, obtuse to broadly cuneate at base, entire, obtuse to shortly acuminate at apex, thickish, dark green and ± shiny above, paler green below, variegated in some cultivars; petiole distinct, often purplish. Flowers sweet scented, open mostly at night; pedicel stout, 1–2 cm long. Calyx tubular, 5–7 cm long, unequally divided, (3–) 5-lobed, green. Corolla somewhat cup-shaped, 16–24 cm long, 10–13 cm diam., with a relatively narrow tube (that opens out broadly to form a 'cup' before dissection), golden yellow with 5 purple or purplish brown stripes inside, begins yellow or white with yellow centre, then darkens with age through a range of shades of yellow to become golden yellow; lobes 5–8 cm long, becoming reflexed to rolled back. Stamens 5; filaments 9–10 cm long; anthers versatile. Style 20–25 cm long; stigma capitate. Berry conoid, 4–6 cm long, with numerous seeds.
A climbing shrub. It attaches to other plants. It grows 1.6 m tall. The leaves are broadly oval and 14 cm long. They taper tot he tip. The flowers can occur singly or in a group. They are on a short stout stalk. The fruit are oval and smooth and shiny. They are 7 cm across.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.55
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Cultivated as an ornamental.
Uses environmental use food material medicinal ornamental
Edible -
Therapeutic use Headache (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Solandra maxima leaf picture by Jean Burger (cc-by-sa)
Solandra maxima leaf picture by Descalzo Rosy (cc-by-sa)
Solandra maxima leaf picture by Dieter Schwartz (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Solandra maxima flower picture by Ella Cora (cc-by-sa)
Solandra maxima flower picture by Jean Burgun (cc-by-sa)
Solandra maxima flower picture by Jean Burger (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Solandra maxima fruit picture by Dieter Schwartz (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Solandra maxima world distribution map, present in Australia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Fiji, Guatemala, Honduras, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Mauritius, Nicaragua, Panama, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:238198-2
WFO ID wfo-0001025619
COL ID 4XZB8
BDTFX ID 102293
INPN ID 447620
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Solandra hartwegii Solandra nitida Solandra selerae Datura maxima Solandra grandiflora var. nitida Swartzia nitida Solandra maxima