Solanum erianthum D.Don

Potatotree (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solanum

Characteristics

Shrub or tree to 10 m tall; twigs terete or flattened, drying with angles or grooves, tomentose with variously stalked dendritic-echinoid and echinoid hairs, whitish or drying yellowish-brown, becoming floccose below. Leaves to 20 cm long, ovate to elliptic, apically acute or acuminate, basally acute, obtuse, rounded, sometimes oblique, thick and felty, above with dispersed to dense, mostly short-stalked, subechinoid stellae and scattered echinoid stellae, tomentose beneath with dense, long-stalked stellae; minor leaves absent. Inflorescence erect, mostly standing above the leaves, a condensed corymb or panicle, the peduncle 5-20 cm long with dense, mostly echinoid stellae; pedicels stout, 2-5 mm long, tomentose, articulating almost at the base. Flowers not showy, buds turbinoid (top-shaped); calyx 7-9 mm long, slightly accrescent in fruit, lobed about half-way down, the lobes obtuse-deltoid, densely tomentose outside and near the apex within; corolla white, drying brown, 1.5 cm across, deeply lobed, pubescent outside; filaments 2 mm long, broadened at the base, glabrous; the anthers 3 mm long; ovary densely stellate-tomentose, the style sparsely pubescent. Fruits 7-12 mm across, dull yellow, tomentose; seeds 1.5-2 mm long.
More
Shrubs or small trees 1.5-10 m tall, unarmed, stellate tomentose overall. Petiole stout, 1.5-5.5 cm; leaf blade ovate-oblong or elliptic, 10-29 × 4-12 cm, base cuneate or obtuse, entire or sinuate, apex short acuminate. Inflorescences erect, appearing terminal, flat-topped or rounded panicles; peduncle 3-10 cm. Pedicel 3-5 mm. Calyx campanulate, ca. 1 cm in diam.; lobes ovate, ca. 3 mm. Corolla white; lobes oblong, 6-7 × 3-4 mm. Filaments ca. 1 mm; anthers ca. 2 mm. Style glabrous, 4-6 mm. Berry yellow-brown, globose, ca. 1.2 cm in diam. Seeds compressed, 1-2 mm in diam. Fl. and fr. nearly throughout the year.
Shrub or small tree to 8 m, often with flattened, spreading crown, green or grey-green, densely pubescent with stellate hairs; prickles absent. Leaves ovate-elliptic; lamina 8–24 cm long, 4–15 cm wide, slightly discolorous, entire; petiole 1–10 cm long. Inflorescence branched, many-flowered; peduncle to first fork 3–8 cm long; pedicels 5–10 mm long. Calyx 4–7 mm long; lobes triangular, 1–2.5 mm long. Corolla stellate, 13–19 mm diam., white. Anthers 2.5–3 mm long. Berry globular, 10 mm diam., dull yellow, pubescent. Seeds 1.5–2 mm long, dull yellow.
An evergreen shrub. It grows 2-8 m high. The leaves are oval and woolly. They are 15-30 cm long. The flowers rotate. The lobes are star shaped. They are white or greenish. The stalks are woolly. The fruit is round and orange when ripe. They are 4 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 8.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical and subtropical plant. It does well in seasonally moist and dry climates. It will grow on average to poor, well-drained soils. It will grow in full or part sun. In Pakistan it grows up to 1,600 m altitude. It can grow in arid places. It suits hardiness zones 9-11. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
More
Scattered in sunny or slightly shaded places, in brushwood, roadsides, field edges, on waste ground and forest edges. Moist or dry thickets, fields or along river banks, often in second growth, at elevations from near sea level to 2,000 metres.
Usually associated with disturbed habitats in high rainfallareas.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The unripe fruit are used in curries. The leaves are used as a vegetable.
Uses environmental use food gene source material medicinal poison
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Vertigo (root), Anodyne (unspecified), Bruise (unspecified), Burn (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Urogenital (unspecified), Vaginitis (unspecified), Vertigo (unspecified), Whitlow (unspecified), Glandsers(Veterinary) (unspecified), Abscess (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Hemorrhoids (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Solanum erianthum habit picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Solanum erianthum leaf picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)
Solanum erianthum leaf picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)
Solanum erianthum leaf picture by Mauricio León Carreño (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Solanum erianthum flower picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)
Solanum erianthum flower picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)
Solanum erianthum flower picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Solanum erianthum fruit picture by ashleigh saunders (cc-by-sa)
Solanum erianthum fruit picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)
Solanum erianthum fruit picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Solanum erianthum world distribution map, present in Australia, Benin, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bhutan, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ghana, Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Japan, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Myanmar, Malaysia, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Nepal, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Palau, Puerto Rico, Sierra Leone, Turks and Caicos Islands, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, Viet Nam, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001027834
COL ID 6Z5G8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630694
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Solanum adulterinum Solanum amblycalycinum Solanum amblycalyx Solanum eriocalyx Solanum mauritianum Solanum pubescens Solanum racemosum Solanum erianthum var. adulterinum Solanum verbascifolium var. adulterina Solanum verbascifolium var. adulterinum Solanum verbascifolium var. exstipulatum Solanum erianthum