Solanum laciniatum Aiton

Morelle laciniée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solanum

Characteristics

Glabrous, unarmed, soft-wooded shrub to c. 3 m tall; stems often purple or greenish purple. Lvs petiolate, entire or pinnatisect (with 1-4 pairs of lobes sometimes nearly reaching midrib) on the same plant, 10-40 cm long. Lamina of entire lvs to 5 cm wide (lobes of pinnatisect ones to 2 cm wide, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, sometimes ± elliptic); base decurrent on petiole; apex obtuse to acuminate. Cymes 2-c. 10-flowered; peduncles to 18 cm long at anthesis, slender; pedicels pendent at fruiting. Calyx 5-8 mm long, accrescent; lobes very broadly ovate-triangular, mucronate, much < tube. Corolla usually 4-5 cm diam., violet, almost glabrous; lobes very broad and rather shallow, ± emarginate. Anthers 3-4 mm long. Berry 23-30 mm long, ovoid or ellipsoid, pendent, usually yellow or pale orange; stone cells conspicuous, = or > seeds. Seeds 2.2-2.5 mm diam., ± obovoid but somewhat asymmetric.
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Shrub to 3 m high, green, the stems often purplish, glabrous except for minute glandular hairs on young growing tips and buds, and simple hairs on seedlings and young leaves; prickles absent. Lobed leaves broadly ovate; lamina 9–38 cm long, concolorous, deeply lobed; lobes 2–13 cm long, 0.3–2 cm wide; petiole 1–4 cm long. Entire leaves lanceolate; lamina 5–20 cm long, 1–4 cm wide, concolorous; petiole 5–10 mm long. Inflorescence up to 10-flowered; peduncle to 4 cm long; rachis 5–15 cm long, often forked; pedicels 1.5–3 cm long. Calyx 4–6 mm long; lobes triangular, 2–3 mm long, slightly enlarged in fruit. Corolla rotate, 30–50 mm diam., deep purple-blue; lobes notched. Anthers 3–4 mm long. Fruiting axis 10–20 cm long. Berry ellipsoid to ovoid, 15–20 mm diam., yellow to orange-yellow. Seeds 2–2.5 mm long, reddish brown. Stone-cell granules usually 2–2.5 mm long.
Shrubs to 3 m tall; pubescence of simple hairs, soon glabrescent. Stems glabrous except for minute pubescence on young tips and buds. Leaves unequal paired, lobed and entire often on same plant; petiole of lobed leaf ca. 1-1.5 cm, that of entire leaf 0.5-1 cm; blade of lobed leaf broadly ovate, deeply pinnately 3-5-parted, 12-17 × 6-13 cm; blade of entire leaf lanceolate, 10-20 × 1.5-3 cm. Inflorescences terminal, axillary, or extra-axillary, scorpioid-racemose, ca. 8 cm; peduncle short or obsolete. Pedicel 1.5-3 cm. Calyx 5-7 mm; lobes deltate, 2-3 mm, leathery, apex mucronulate. Corolla blue-purple, rotate, 2-2.5 cm; lobes semirounded, notched. Filaments subulate; anthers oblong, 3-4 mm. Style ca. 8 mm. Berry orange-yellow, ovoid or ellipsoid, ca. 3 × 2.5 cm, pendulous. Seeds subovate, ca. 3 × 2 mm, compressed. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jul-Sep.
An erect shrub. It is soft wooded. It can be 3 m tall. It can spread 2-3 m wide. It has bluish-purple leaves. It is short lived. It becomes spreading and straggly with age. The leaves are lobed and 30 cm long. They are deeply divided and dark green. The flowers are deep purple-blue with wavy edges. The flowers are larger than Solanum aviculare. The flowers are 5 cm across. The fruit are round and green. They are 2-3 cm across. They change to yellow-orange on maturity.
Similar in habit to S. aviculare but differing in purplish stems and darker If-veining. Corolla rotate, up to 5 cm. diam., blue-purple; lobes c. 1/2 length tube, margins flat, apices emarginate. Seeds 2·2-2.5 mm. long. Baylis (loc. cit. 639) gives: n = 46, average pollen-grain diam. 36-42 µ, stone-cell masses in ripe fr. conspicuous, mostly as large as or larger than the seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread endozoochory
Mature width (meter) 1.75 - 2.75
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a warm temperate to subtropical plant. It suits sandy areas. It often grows after fire. It grows in damp and shaded places. It suits hardiness zones 9-11. Tasmania Herbarium. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Associated with stabilised sanddunes, creek lines, and road verges in scrub and woodland.
Open scrub and forest margins; at low elevations near the coast.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The ripe fruit can be eaten. They must be very ripe and soft. They can be put into sand to ripen. The fruit can be used in chutney.
Uses environmental use food medicinal poison
Edible flowers fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Solanum laciniatum habit picture by Ball Darren (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Solanum laciniatum leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Solanum laciniatum leaf picture by Kem Sal (cc-by-sa)
Solanum laciniatum leaf picture by Ball Darren (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Solanum laciniatum flower picture by Pascal DUPUIS (cc-by-sa)
Solanum laciniatum flower picture by john spears (cc-by-sa)
Solanum laciniatum flower picture by mickael lemmel (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Solanum laciniatum fruit picture by Q P (cc-by-sa)
Solanum laciniatum fruit picture by Sophie Pigram (cc-by-sa)
Solanum laciniatum fruit picture by Ama Lamourette Folly (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Solanum laciniatum world distribution map, present in Australia, China, France, and New Zealand

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001028905
COL ID 4Y2YP
BDTFX ID 64908
INPN ID 124064
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Solanum laciniatum f. viridicaule Solanum laciniatum f. australiense Solanum laciniatum f. cultum Solanum laciniatum f. novozelandicum Solanum laciniatum f. tasmanicum Solanum pinnatifidum Solanum pinnatifolium Solanum aviculare var. laciniatum Solanum laciniatum