Solanum lichtensteinii Willd.

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solanum

Characteristics

Erect herb or shrub, 0.5-2 m, armed; young stems ridged, densely stellate-pubescent, trichomes porrect to multangulate, translucent to orange-translucent, stalked, stalks up to 0.8(-2.5) mm, rays 8-20, 0.1-0.4 mm, midpoints ± same length as rays; prickles curved, 3-5 mm long, 2-5 mm wide at base, round to flattened. Leaf blades drying weakly to strongly discolorous, dirty green-brown adaxially and whitish abaxially, ovate, 8-27 x 3-20 cm, 1.5-2.5 times longer than wide, base cordate(cuneate), often unequal and oblique, margin lobed, the deltate to broadly rounded lobes 3-5 on each side, 0.5-3 cm long, apically rounded, extending 1/4-1/3(-1/2) of the distance to the midvein; apex rounded to acute; densely stellate-pubescent abaxially, trichomes on abaxial surface porrect, sessile or stalked, stalks to 0.3 mm, rays ± 8(-15), 0.2-0.4 mm, midpoints ± same length as rays or elongated up to 0.7 mm, trichomes of adaxial surface smaller; primary veins 5-7 pairs; petiole 2-7 cm, 1/4-1/3 of the leaf length. Inflorescences not branched, 3-8 cm long, with 5-10 flowers; peduncle 1-25 mm long; rachis 1.5-6 cm long; peduncle and rachis usually unarmed; pedicels 0.8-1.5 cm on long-styled flowers, 0.4-0.9 cm long, in fruit 1.5-3.2 cm long, with 3-10 prickles. Flowers heterostylous, (4-)5-merous, with basal one long-styled. Calyx 7-15 mm on long-styled flowers, 4.5-9 mm long on short-styled flowers, lobes long-deltate and often foliaceous and 3.5-6 mm on long-styled flowers, broadly deltate and 2-5 mm long on short-styled flowers, acute to obtuse, with 20-50 prickles on long-styled flowers. Corolla white to mauve, 2.5-3.5 cm in diameter on long-styled flowers, 1.5-2.6 cm in diameter on short-styled flowers, lobed for 1/4-1/2 of its length, lobes broadly deltate, 7-10 x ± 10 mm on long-styled flowers, 5-9 x 4-10 mm on short-styled flowers. Stamens equal; anthers 5-7 mm on long-styled flowers, 4.2-6.5 mm on short-styled flowers. Ovary stellate-pubescent in the upper 1/3; style 10-12 mm long on long-styled flowers. Berries 1 per infructescence, striped when young, yellow at maturity, spherical, 2.5-4.5 cm in diameter; fruiting calyx with 5-30 prickles. Seeds 2.2-3.2 x 2.2-2.5 mm.
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Dwarf shrub or shrub, up to 2 m high; dense, ± white, ± yellow or ± purple stellate hairs on branches, petioles, undersides of leaves, outside of calyx and corolla. Prickles few to many. Leaves ± ovate, strongly sinuate, up to 125 x 75 mm, green, ± hairy above, base unequal; petioles up to 40 mm long. Flowers 1-few, nodding; peduncle ± 10 mm long. Calyx cup-shaped, prickly outside, ± 10 mm long, lobes lanceolate, enlarged in fruit. Corolla stellate, white to purple, up to 30 mm in diam., lobes ovate. Fruit ± globose, smooth, glabrous, up to 30 mm in diam., yellow. Seeds ± round, ± flat, up to 3 mm in diam., finely pitted, light brown. Flowering time mainly Jan., Feb.
Dwarf shrub or shrub, up to 2 m high; much branched; stems with appressed hairs. Spines curved. Leaves with blade narrowly ovate to elliptic, margins shallowly lobed, sinuate; upper surface thinly hairy, green, lower surface densely hairy with short, unbranched hairs, greyish white; Oct.-Mar. Flowers: solitary or a few together, inflorescence lateral; corolla 18-30 mm in diameter, purple or white; Aug.-Apr. Fruit a yellow berry, ± 20 mm in diameter.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses gene source
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 15 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Solanum lichtensteinii world distribution map, present in Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Solanum lichtensteinii threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001029072
COL ID 4Y33Q
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Solanum homblei Solanum leycesterianum Solanum subexarmatum Solanum incanum subsp. horridescens Solanum incanum var. lichtensteinii Solanum incanum var. subexarmatum Solanum lichtensteinii