Solanum marginatum L.F.

Purple african nightshade (en), Morelle (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solanum

Characteristics

Branched medium-sized to large shrub, occasionally almost a small tree, to c. 5 m tall; most parts densely white-stellate-tomentose; prickles yellow, to 1.5 cm long. Petioles to c. 4 cm long, prickly. Lvs to c. 25 × 18 cm, usually less on reproductive shoots, broadly ovate or elliptic-ovate, sinuately lobed, finally glabrate or glabrous and dark green above except for whitish tomentose margin, persistently white-stellate-tomentose beneath; midrib and veins prickly, the prickles to > 1 cm long on veins above; base usually deeply cordate with sinus obscured by basal lobes; apex rounded. Cymes few-flowered, white-stellate-tomentose and prickly; peduncles to 4 cm long; pedicels pendent at fruiting. Calyx 9-14 mm long, accrescent; lobes lanceolate-ovate. Corolla 2.5-3.5 cm diam., white, sometimes with purplish veins; lobes broadly triangular-ovate, stellate-tomentose outside. Anthers 6-8 mm long. Berry 2-6 cm diam., globose or subglobose, yellow; stone cells 0. Seeds 3-4 mm diam., broad-ovoid to broad-obovoid.
More
Sparingly clonal shrub to 1.5 m high, dull green to silvery-white, pubescent with minute stellate hairs, the hairs dense on lower leaf-surface, sparse on upper surface except along margins; prickles to 1 cm, scattered on most parts. Leaves elliptic, the lamina mostly 10–12 cm long, 8–10 cm wide, sometimes larger, discolorous, lobed; lobes sinuate-crenate; petiole 15–25 mm long. Inflorescence short, 2–10–flowered; lower flowers bisexual, the remainder male; peduncle absent. Bisexual flower: pedicel 20–25 mm long, calyx 9–10 mm long, the lobes narrowly triangular to oblong, unequal, 5–10 mm long; corolla rotate, 30–40 mm diam., white or very pale mauve; anthers 6–7 mm long. Male flower similar but slightly smaller. Berry globular, 30–40 mm diam., pale or deep yellow. Seeds 2–2.5 mm long, light brown.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-11

Usage

Uses environmental use gene source material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Poison (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 15 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Solanum marginatum leaf picture by CARLOS MAURICIO GUERRERO TRIANA (cc-by-sa)
Solanum marginatum leaf picture by Francisco Esparza (cc-by-sa)
Solanum marginatum leaf picture by François Morand (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Solanum marginatum world distribution map, present in Australia, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Chile, Colombia, Djibouti, Ecuador, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, Morocco, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal, and United States of America

Conservation status

Solanum marginatum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001029370
COL ID 4Y38S
BDTFX ID 102296
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Solanum argyracanthum Solanum niveum Solanum coagulans Solanum cabiliense var. argenteum Solanum marginatum var. polyhoplum Solanum marginatum