Solanum schumannianum Dammer

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solanum

Characteristics

Leaves alternate or sub opposite, mostly rather closely set at the ends of branches; petiole (0.5)1–5 cm long; lamina membranous, 4–21 × 1.5–6.5 cm, lanceolate to oblong or elliptic to oblanceolate, base cuneate, narrowing to the petiole and unequal-or subequal-sided, apex acute, usually ± acuminate, entire or slightly repand-sinuate, hairy at first but soon ± glabrous above, paler and ± glabrous beneath except for a few remaining hairs along the larger nerves and sometimes also a few bristles on veins mainly towards the base, with (7)8–10(11) pairs of lateral nerves.
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An erect herb or shrub. It grows 3.5 m high. The branches have dense bristles. The leaves are simple and arranged in spirals. They are 6-25 cm long by 2-8 cm wide. The base is wedge shaped and they taper to the tip. The flowers are in groups near the ends of the branches. The fruit are round berries. They are 6-8 mm across. They turn yellow then red as they ripen.
Corolla white to pale blue or mauve, stelliform; limb (9)10–12(14) mm across; lobes 3–5 × 1.7 mm, lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate to linear, acute to acuminate, often somewhat cucullate, densely pulverulent to tomentose outside at least near the apex, glabrous except for few stellate hairs on the midvein and near the apex inside, ± spreading to reflexed.
Cymes terminal, becoming lateral and extra-axillary, often forked dichotomously 3–5 times, paniculiform to corymbiform, 3–13 cm long, dense, with many flowers, these clustered at the extremities, hairy like the branches, soon glabrescent, ± bristly; peduncle (1.2)2–4.5 cm long, with many to very few bristles.
Shrub or small tree 0.6–3.6 m high; sympodia plurifoliate; hairs stellate, ± sessile, regular, with many short rays, mostly minute but some modified as bristles, these pale straw-coloured to violet or brownish, up to 7 mm long, sometimes ± lignified and prickle-like when old.
Ovary 0.7–1 mm in diameter, globose or ± ovoid, minutely glandular and also with a few stellate hairs apically; style 4–6 mm long, exceeding the stamens, ± straight, with a few stellate hairs and minute glands from the base to about the middle.
Calyx 1.5–2.5 mm long, 2.5–4 mm across, not very accrescent, campanulate or cupular, pulverulent-tomentose; lobes 0.7–2 × 0.5–1.5 mm, elliptic-or ovate-to lanceolate-triangular, occasionally subulate, obtuse or acute, ± acuminate.
Branches with whitish to ± brownish, scurfy tomentum, ± glabrescent, younger parts generally densely covered with bristles, these rarely lacking (see note).
Fruits often numerous, shining red when ripe, becoming brownish-olive-green when dry, (7)8–10(11) mm in diameter, globose, glabrous, appearing edible.
Stamen filaments 0.3–0.5 mm long; anthers 2.5–3.5 mm long, lanceolate-elliptic in outline, slightly tapering to the apex, somewhat incurved.
Flowers 5(6)-merous, ± nodding; pedicels 5–12 mm long, slender, in fruit elongating to 16 mm, somewhat thickened to the apex, ± erect.
Seeds numerous, 3 × 2 mm, compressed, ± reniform.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 3.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Dense evergreen and wet montane forests, open glades and around water holes in forest areas, moist forest remnants, disturbed forest edges, tea estates, locally common in dry montane forest, at elevations from 1,300-2,700 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in the mountains of Kenya and Tanzania. It grows between 1,300-2,700 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. They are also eaten raw. The fruit can be dried and pounded and stored as powder for later use. The fruit are pounded and mixed with onion and lemon juice and used as a substitute for vinegar.
Uses animal food environmental use food gene source medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Solanum schumannianum world distribution map, present in Kenya, Malawi, Russian Federation, and Tanzania, United Republic of

Conservation status

Solanum schumannianum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001031128
COL ID 4Y46X
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Solanum subulatum Solanum hirsuticaule Solanum kagehense Solanum lignosum Solanum schumannianum Solanum ulugurense Solanum ulugurense Solanum schumannianum var. austerum Solanum schumannianum var. stolzii Solanum schumannianum var. subulatum