Solanum supinum Dunal

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solanum

Characteristics

Leaves usually solitary; petiole 2–10(12) mm long; lamina membranous, 1.5–6.5 × 0.5–2.5(3) cm, lanceolate to obovate-lanceolate, base acute or cuneate and ± unequal-sided, long-decurrent into the petiole, apex slightly acute or obtuse, sinuate-repand to pinnately cleft but mostly deeply lobed, the lobes rounded or obtuse, the terminal one longer and often sub-repand, tomentose at first, becoming pubescent above, some hairs often with relatively long central rays, remaining paler and densely hairy beneath, sparsely to densely prickly along the midrib at least above.
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Prostrate or sprawling perennial herb or small shrub up to 40 cm from a woody rootstock, ± divaricately branched; hairs stellate, subsessile, mostly regularly, shortly and thinly radiate, but central ray sometimes longer on upper leaf surface; prickles dirty-yellow or stramineous, shining, 1–5.5(6) mm long, 0.2–3 mm wide at the base, laterally compressed, straight or slightly curved, slender, subulate from a broad base, hairy downwards, becoming quite glabrous.
A shrub. It is partly erect or lies along the ground. It has broad leaves. It takes 2 years to complete its lifecycle. It grows 50 cm high. It has spines. The leaves are wavy along the edge. They have a bluish covering. The flowers are yellow or blue-white. They have 5 lobes. They are in the axils of leaves. The fruit are berries 2 cm across. They have cream stripes along them and turn yellow when ripe.
Corolla white, mauve or pale blue to purple, rotate-stelliform; limb 6–10(19) mm across, sub-pentagonal in outline; lobes 3–4.5(6) × 1.5–2.5(3.5) mm, ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, tomentose or hirsute to hairy outside, glabrous or with a few stellate hairs along the midrib and near the apex inside.
Calyx 3–5 mm long, 4–6 mm across, very accrescent, cupular or ± campanulate, tomentose or hairy and ± prickly; lobes ± unequal, 1.5–2.5(4) × 0.7–1.8 mm, ovate-triangular to linear-lanceolate, acute, in fruit enlarged to 15 × 7(8) mm, ± curved out at the apex.
Sprawling, spiny shrub, up to 400 mm tall. Spines small, straight or slightly curved. Leaves sinuate-re-pand, with few stellate hairs. Flowers solitary. Corolla 12 mm in diameter. Fruits yellow, partly enclosed by prickly calyx. Flowers white or pale violet.
Sprawling, spiny shrub, up to 400 mm tall. Spines straight. Leaves deeply sinuately and obtusely lobed with scattered stellate hairs. Flowers solitary. Calyx spiny, enlarging in fruit. Corolla 15 mm in diameter. Berry yellow. Flowers pale violet or white.
Ovary 1.5–2 mm in diameter, ± globose, tomentose to hairy above, occasionally quite glabrous; style (2.5)3–5.5 mm long, slightly exceeding the stamens, straight, densely hairy from the base to two thirds or three quarters.
Flowers solitary, lateral, leaf-remote, 5-merous; pedicel 3.5–7(8) mm long, sub-terete, thick, tomentose to hairy, prickly, ± erect, in fruit elongated to 20 mm, recurved.
Stamen filaments 0.2–0.5 mm long; anthers 2.5–4 × 1 mm, lanceolate-elliptic to oblong-linear in outline, rather thick, apically obtuse, emarginate at both ends.
Seeds ± numerous, shining, pale or lightly brownish, 2.8–3.8 × 2.5–3 mm, compressed, reniform or obovate in outline, minutely reticulate all over.
Fruit shining, green, turning yellow when ripe, drying dirty fuscous, 10–20 mm in diameter, globose, glabrous.
Branches ashy-grey tomentose, occasionally with only scattered hairs, with scattered prickles.
Leaves less lobed. Indumentum sparser than typical variety. Flowering time Jan.-Mar.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 0.45
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in hot arid places with a marked dry season lasting 6-11 months. It grows in well drained soil. It grows between 900-1,800 m above sea level. It can tolerate some shade. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are used for dairy like preparations. They are used to curdle milk.
Uses animal food food gene source medicinal social use
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Charm (unspecified), Rennet (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 15 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Solanum supinum world distribution map, present in Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa

Conservation status

Solanum supinum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001031589
COL ID 4Y4DY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Solanum aranoideum Solanum leucophaeum Solanum lyratifolium Solanum supinum Solanum supinum var. aranoideum Solanum supinum var. leucophaeum Solanum supinum var. lyratifolium Solanum supinum var. rehobothense