Solanum usaramense Dammer

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solanum

Characteristics

Climbing to sprawling perennial herb to small shrub up to 2 m; sympodia difoliate; hairs stellate, ± short stalked, regular or irregular, thinly radiate, often bearing a very short central ray; prickles yellowish ± fuscescent, shining, 0.5-3 mm long, 0.2-2.5 mm wide at the base, laterally compressed, broadly based, ± recurved, striate, with a few stellate hairs downwards or quite glabrous. Branches often much elongated, slender, whitish tomentose when young, becoming ashy-grey hairy with age, moderately or densely prickly. Leaves solitary; petiole 5-25 mm long; lamina membranous, 1.5-6.5 x 1-4.3 cm, ovate or elliptic to sub-orbicular, base rounded-obtuse, truncate or sub-cordate and ± unequal-sided, apex rounded to acute, entire to repand-lobed, the lobes very obtuse or rounded, finely tomentose at first, becoming thinly hairy beneath and to a lesser extent above, with 2-4 pairs of curved-ascending lateral nerves, unarmed or with a few scattered prickles along the midvein beneath. Cymes appearing lateral, leaf-remote, unbranched or rarely once-forked, racemiform, 2-6 cm long, 2-10-flowered, tomentose to sparsely hairy, often with a few recurved to nearly straight prickles, all flowers hermaphrodite and fertile, occasionally the flowers solitary; peduncle 0-10 mm long; rhachis 2-45 mm long, gradually elongate to 85 mm in fruit. Flowers (4)5-merous; pedicels 6-17 mm long, slender but thickened distally, with dense hairs and sparse recurved prickles, in fruit elongate to 25 mm, very thickened distally, deflexed. Calyx (2)2.5-5 mm long, 4-5 mm across, very accrescent, shortly campanulate or cupular, deeply lobed, tomentose to ± hairy, with curved or ± straight prickles; lobes ± unequal, 0.5-3.5 x 1-1.5 mm, ovate-triangular or lanceolate, acute, in fruit enlarged to 5(6) x 2(2.5) mm, curved out at the apex, later ± spreading. Corolla purplish to bluish, stelliform; limb 11-20 mm across; lobes 7-10 x 1.2-3 mm, lanceolate, slightly acute, tomentose outside and with hairs along the midrib inside, ± reflexed. Stamen filaments 0.7-1.5 mm long; anthers 6-7 x 1-1.5 mm, lanceolate-elliptic in outline, not very emarginate at the ends. Ovary c. lx 0.8 mm, ovoid-subglobose, glabrous; style 10-12 mm long, exceeding the stamens, straight or ± curved at the apex. Fruit shining red when ripe, drying dirty fuscescent, 8-11 mm in diameter, globose. Seeds ± numerous, pale fuscescent, sub shining, 3-3.5 x 2.5-3 mm, much compressed, oblique-reniform, manifestly reticulate all over.
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Leaves solitary; petiole 5–25 mm long; lamina membranous, 1.5–6.5 × 1–4.3 cm, ovate or elliptic to sub-orbicular, base rounded-obtuse, truncate or sub-cordate and ± unequal-sided, apex rounded to acute, entire to repand-lobed, the lobes very obtuse or rounded, finely tomentose at first, becoming thinly hairy beneath and to a lesser extent above, with 2–4 pairs of curved-ascending lateral nerves, unarmed or with a few scattered prickles along the midvein beneath.
Climbing to sprawling perennial herb to small shrub up to 2 m; sympodia difoliate; hairs stellate, ± short stalked, regular or irregular, thinly radiate, often bearing a very short central ray; prickles yellowish ± fuscescent, shining, 0.5–3 mm long, 0.2–2.5 mm wide at the base, laterally compressed, broadly based, ± recurved, striate, with a few stellate hairs downwards or quite glabrous.
Cymes appearing lateral, leaf-remote, unbranched or rarely once-forked, racemiform, 2–6 cm long, 2–10-flowered, tomentose to sparsely hairy, often with a few recurved to nearly straight prickles, all flowers hermaphrodite and fertile, occasionally the flowers solitary; peduncle 0–10 mm long; rhachis 2–45 mm long, gradually elongate to 85 mm in fruit.
Calyx (2)2.5–5 mm long, 4–5 mm across, very accrescent, shortly campanulate or cupular, deeply lobed, tomentose to ± hairy, with curved or ± straight prickles; lobes ± unequal, 0.5–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm, ovate-triangular or lanceolate, acute, in fruit enlarged to 5(6) × 2(2.5) mm, curved out at the apex, later ± spreading.
Flowers (4)5-merous; pedicels 6–17 mm long, slender but thickened distally, with dense hairs and sparse recurved prickles, in fruit elongate to 25 mm, very thickened distally, deflexed.
Corolla purplish to bluish, stelliform; limb 11–20 mm across; lobes 7–10 × 1.2–3 mm, lanceolate, slightly acute, tomentose outside and with hairs along the midrib inside, ± reflexed.
Branches often much elongated, slender, whitish tomentose when young, becoming ashy-grey hairy with age, moderately or densely prickly.
Seeds ± numerous, pale fuscescent, sub shining, 3–3.5 × 2.5–3 mm, much compressed, oblique-reniform, manifestly reticulate all over.
Ovary c. 1 × 0.8 mm, ovoid-subglobose, glabrous; style 10–12 mm long, exceeding the stamens, straight or ± curved at the apex.
Stamen filaments 0.7–1.5 mm long; anthers 6–7 × 1–1.5 mm, lanceolate-elliptic in outline, not very emarginate at the ends.
Fruit shining red when ripe, drying dirty fuscescent, 8–11 mm in diameter, globose.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses gene source
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 15 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Solanum usaramense world distribution map, present in Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, and South Africa

Conservation status

Solanum usaramense threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001032260
COL ID 4Y4MD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Solanum usaramense Solanum filicaule