Solanum violaceum Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Solanum

Characteristics

Shrubs 0.5-1.5(-2) m tall, much branched, pubescent overall with dense, stalked, 5-11-rayed stellate hairs. Stems and branches with pale yellow, recurved prickles 4-10 × 1.5-7 mm, gray stellate tomentose. Leaves unequal paired; petiole 1.5-4 cm; leaf blade ovate, 5-8(-11) × 2-7(-8.5) cm, tomentose with short-stalked, 5-9(-11)-rayed stellate hairs adaxially, with long-stalked hairs abaxially, with straight needlelike prickles, base cordate or truncate, margin 5-7-sinuate lobed, apex obtuse or acute. Inflorescences extra-axillary, scorpioid racemes, 2-6 cm, sparingly branched; peduncle ca. 1.5 cm, prickly or not. Pedicel 4-15 mm. Calyx 4-7 mm; lobes lanceolate, 3-5 mm, unequal, pubescent and prickly as on pedicel. Corolla blue-purple, sometimes white, rotate, 1-1.2 × 1-2 cm; lobes ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 5-8 × 2-5 mm, obtuse. Filaments ca. 1 mm; anthers oblong, 5-6 mm. Style 8-10 mm, stellate pubescent. Fruiting pedicel 1-2 cm, stellate pubescent, prickly, erect or sometimes recurved. Fruiting calyx reflexed, stellate pubescent, prickly. Berry shiny orange, globose, 0.8-1.3 cm in diam. Seeds sub-discoid, ca. 2 mm in diam. Fl. and fr. throughout the year.
More
A herb or small shrub. It can grow 2 m tall. It has many branches. It is softly hairy. It has pale yellow prickles that curve backwards. The leaves are in unequal pairs. The leaves are 5-8 cm long by 4-7 cm wide. The leaf stalk can be 3 cm long. The leaf blades are divided into round lobes. The fruit are shiny orange berries. They can be 1.3 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.75
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. In southern China it grows between 100-2,700 m above sea level. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
More
Forests, dry thickets, wastelands, roadsides; at elevations from 100-2,700 metres in southern China.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The unripe fruit are cooked and used as a vegetable.
Uses food gene source medicinal seasoning social use
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Antipyretics (fruit), Antirheumatic agents (fruit), Asthma (fruit), Chest pain (fruit), Cough (fruit), Edema (fruit), Pharyngitis (fruit), Antineoplastic agents (fruit), Liver diseases (fruit), Pruritus (fruit), Malaria (fruit), Pruritus (leaf), Vomiting (leaf), Appetite stimulants (root), Asthma (root), Astringents (root), Chest pain (root), Colic (root), Common cold (root), Cough (root), Digestive system diseases (root), Expectorants (root), Flatulence (root), Labor pain (root), Malignant catarrh (root), General tonic for rejuvenation (root), Vomiting (root), Diaphoretic (root), Anthelmintics (root), Dysuria (root), Fever (root), Toothache (root), Pneumonia (root), Appetite stimulants (seed), Anodyne (unspecified), Apertif (unspecified), Bactericide (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Itch (unspecified), Labor (unspecified), Spice (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Bruise (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Rhinosis (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Tumor(Abdomen) (unspecified), Diabetes (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Common cold (unspecified), Flatulence (unspecified), General tonic for rejuvenation (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 24 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Solanum violaceum leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Solanum violaceum leaf picture by Varun Vanchi (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Solanum violaceum flower picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Solanum violaceum flower picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Solanum violaceum fruit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Solanum violaceum fruit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Solanum violaceum fruit picture by Jeet Jeet Dey (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Solanum violaceum world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Comoros, India, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mauritius, Pakistan, Philippines, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Viet Nam, and Yemen

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0001032413
COL ID 4Y4PW
BDTFX ID 64902
INPN ID 673510
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Solanum anghivi Solanum heynii Solanum indicum Solanum lividum Solanum pinnatifidum Solanum vincentii Solanum violaceum Solanum agreste Solanum chinense Solanum coccineum Solanum ferox Solanum junghuhnii Solanum kurzii Solanum nelsonii Solanum nivalomontanum Solanum racemosum Solanum sanitwongsei Solanum indicum var. inerme Solanum indicum var. parvifolium Solanum indicum var. sinuato-lobatum Solanum pubescens var. lobatum Solanum indicum var. mesarchon Solanum indicum f. album