Solidago flexicaulis L.

Zigzag goldenrod (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Solidago

Characteristics

Plants (15–)25–75(–90) cm; caudices woody, rhizomes short. Stems 1–5+, flexuous, sparsely to moderately hairy in arrays. Leaves: rosettes present at flowering; basal and proximal cauline tapering to winged petioles, blades ovate, (70–)100–140(–180) × (27–)40–60(–80) mm (petioles 1 / 4 – 1 / 2 total leaf length), margins serrate-serrulate [teeth (14–)21–33(–45)], abaxial faces glabrous or moderately hairy, more densely so on nerves, adaxial glabrous or sparsely hairy; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 38–90(–150) × 10–30(–55) mm, reduced distally, becoming lanceolate in arrays, bases tapering, margins entire to serrate, apices acuminate to cuspidate, faces glabrous or sparsely hairy, abaxial glabrous or moderately hairy, more densely so along nerves. Heads 25–250, in short axillary and terminal racemiform clusters, lateral panicles (2–)7–31(–56) cm. Peduncles 0.5–5 mm, moderately to densely strigose; bracteoles 1–3, lanceolate, usually near base of involucres and grading into phyllaries. Involucres campanulate, 4.5–7(–8) mm. Phyllaries in ca. 3 series, strongly unequal, outermost 1–2 mm, innermost 3.7–4.7(–5.7) mm, linear-oblong, 1-nerved, apices obtuse to acute. Ray florets 1–5; laminae (2–)2.5–4(–5) × 0.7–2 mm. Disc florets 4–8(–11); corollas 2–3(–4) mm, lobes 1–1.6(–2) mm. Cypselae (obconic) 1–2(–3) mm, moderately to densely strigose; pappi 3–4.5 mm. 2n = 18, 36.
More
Plants 3–12 dm from long rhizomes; stem glabrous below the infl, striate-angled and grooved, tending to be somewhat zigzag; lvs chiefly cauline, sharply toothed, acuminate, usually hirsute beneath at least on the midrib and main veins, mostly with ovate or elliptic blade 7–15 × 3–10 cm, 1–2.2(–2.5) times as long as wide, abruptly contracted to the broadly winged petiole; infl a series of mostly short clusters, the lower axillary to foliage-lvs, but these progressively reduced upwards, the terminal part of the infl often appearing as a naked thyrse; invol 4–6 mm, the outer bracts obtuse, the inner broadly rounded; rays mostly 3–4; disk-fls 5–9; achenes short-hairy; 2n=18, 36, the tetraploids more western. Woods; N.S. and N.B. to N.D., s. to Va., Ky., and Ark., and in the mts. to Ga.
A herb.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.45 - 0.9
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.2
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a cool temperate plant. It suits hardiness zone 4.
Light 3-7
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 4-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

Uses medicinal wood
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Analgesic (leaf), Hemostat (leaf), Throat Aid (root), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 42
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Solidago flexicaulis habit picture by Matthias Foellmer (cc-by-sa)
Solidago flexicaulis habit picture by nathan nate (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Solidago flexicaulis leaf picture by Philip Enteles (cc-by-sa)
Solidago flexicaulis leaf picture by Eric (cc-by-sa)
Solidago flexicaulis leaf picture by Marli Miller (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Solidago flexicaulis flower picture by Urszula K (cc-by-sa)
Solidago flexicaulis flower picture by Ed Lehming (cc-by-sa)
Solidago flexicaulis flower picture by Peter Peter Kikic (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Solidago flexicaulis world distribution map, present in Canada and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:240229-2
WFO ID wfo-0000027957
COL ID 4Y79N
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Doria flexicaulis Solidago latifolia Aster latifolius Solidago scrophularifolia Solidago macrophylla Solidago flexicaulis var. flexicaulis Solidago flexicaulis var. ciliata Solidago flexicaulis var. latifolia Solidago flexicaulis f. flexicaulis Solidago flexicaulis