Plants loosely clustered, 10–50 (–70) cm; rhizomes creeping. Stems 1 (at ends of rhizomes), ascending to erect, grayish green, moderately to densely finely strigilloso-puberulent. Leaves: basal and proximal often withering by flowering, gradually tapering to winged petioles 1 / 2 length of leaf, blades 45–100 × 10–35 mm, proximalmost much smaller, margins serrate, faces moderately finely scabroso-strigillose; mid and distal cauline sessile, blades elliptic to lanceolate or ovate, 10–60 × 4–20 mm, sometimes much reduced distally, firm, thickish, margins serrate to entire, strongly 3-nerved or sometimes brochidodromous, faces moderately finely strigillose. Heads (5–)50–300, in compact thyrsiform to secund-pyramidal paniculiform arrays, proximal branches ascending, sometimes apically recurved or branches spreading, recurved, secund. Peduncles 0.5–3 mm, moderately to densely finely hispiduloso-strigillose; bracteoles 0–3 , lanceolate, strigillose, grading into phyllaries. Involucres campanulate, 3–6 mm. Phyllaries in 3–4 series, lanceolate to oblong (to 1.5 mm wide), strongly unequal, margins ciliate, apices acute to obtuse, glabrous. Ray florets 6–10; laminae 1–2 × 0.2–0.6 mm. Disc florets 3–8; corollas 2.4–3.8 mm, lobes 0.7–1.2 mm. Cypselae (cylindro-obconic) 1.5–2 mm, sparsely strigillose; pappi ca. 2–3 mm. 2n = 18, 36, 54.
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Plants rhizomatous, 1–6 dm; herbage densely spreading-hirtellous throughout, or the stem glabrous below; lvs chiefly cauline, numerous and crowded, triple-nerved, elliptic and sessile (or the lower cauline oblanceolate and obscurely petiolate), rounded to acute at the tip, the larger ones 3–10 cm × 8–40 mm, the middle ones 2.5–4 times as long as wide; infl dense, paniculiform or occasionally compactly thyrsoid, the lower branches often ± recurved-secund; invol 3.5–6 mm, glabrous, its bracts imbricate, rounded to acutish, firm, the broader ones 0.8–1.3 mm wide; rays 6–9, 3–5 mm, relatively broad; disk-fls 3–8; achenes short-hairy; 2n=36, 54. Plains, dry hills, and dry, open woods; w. Minn. and Io. to Man. and Okla., w. to Mont. and Colo.
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