Spermacoce chaetocephala Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Spermacoce

Characteristics

A rather coarse erect mostly sparsely branched annual herb 10–60 cm. tall, the stems often reddish or pinkish, 4-angled, hairy below the nodes.. Leaf-blades linear-lanceolate, 2.5–6 cm. long, 3–8 mm. wide, acute at the apex, mostly broadened at the base, pubescent or ± scabrid above with white hairs and with longer white hairs beneath, particularly or sometimes only on the broadened base; stipule-bases 1–2 mm. long, hairy, with 7 setae 0.2–1.5 cm. long.. Flowers (3–)4-merous, congested into usually quite large axillary heads 0.5–2 cm. wide, usually made up of normal axillary clusters together with those at the nodes of much reduced axillary shoots, the whole coalescing, each compound inflorescence thus supported by numerous leaves and also with leaves emerging from its centre; bracteoles very numerous, reddish brown, 3 mm. long; pedicels 0.5 mm. long.. Calyx-tube ellipsoid, 1.4 mm. long; lobes 4, linear-lanceolate or slightly spathulate, 1–2 mm. long, scabrid on the margins.. Corolla white; tube narrowly cylindrical with upper quarter funnel-shaped and ± 4 times as wide as basal part of tube, altogether 1.3 mm. long; lobes ovate-elliptic, 0.8 mm. long, 0.4 mm. wide.. Filaments exserted 0.6 mm.. Style exserted 0.7 mm.; stigma with long papillae.. Capsule oblong-ellipsoid, 2.5 mm. long, hairy at the apex.. Seeds chestnut-brown, very shiny, narrowly oblong-ellipsoid, 1.8–2.2 mm. long, 0.8–0.9 mm. wide, 0.5 mm. thick, with a deep ventral groove but ± no sculpture.. Fig. 49/10, p. 340.
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Flowers (3)4-merous, congested into usually quite large axillary heads 0.5–2 cm. wide, usually made up of normal axillary clusters together with those at the nodes of much reduced axillary shoots, the whole coalescing, each compound inflorescence thus supported by numerous leaves and also with leaves emerging from its centre; bracteoles very numerous, reddish-brown, 3 mm. long; pedicels 0.5 mm. long.
Leaf blades 2.5–6 cm. x 3–8 mm., linear-lanceolate, acute at the apex, mostly broadened at the base, pubescent or ± scabrid above with white hairs and with longer white hairs beneath, particularly or sometimes only on the broadened base; stipule bases 1–2 mm. long, hairy, with 7 setae 0.2–1.5 cm. long.
An erect annual herb. It grows 10-60 cm high. The stems are 4 angled. The leaf blades are 3-6 cm long by 3-8 mm wide. They are narrowly sword shaped. The fruit is a capsule 2.5 mm long. The seeds are brown and shiny. They are 2 mm long by 1 mm wide.
Corolla white or pale mauve; tube narrowly cylindrical with upper quarter funnel-shaped and c. 4 rimes as wide as basal part of tube, altogether 1.3 mm. long; lobes 0.8 x 0.4 mm., ovate-elliptic.
A rather coarse erect mostly sparsely branched annual herb 10–60 cm. tall, the stems often reddish or pinkish, 4-angled, hairy below the nodes.
Seeds chestnut-brown, very shiny, 1.8–2.2 x 0.8–0.9 x 0.5 mm., narrowly oblong-ellipsoid, with a deep ventral groove but ± no sculpture.
Calyx tube 1.4 mm. long, ellipsoid; lobes 4, 1–2 mm. long, linear-lanceolate or slightly spathulate, scabrid on the margins.
Capsule 2.5 mm. long, oblong-ellipsoid, hairy at the apex.
Style exserted 0.7 mm.; stigma with long papillae.
Filaments exserted 0.6 mm.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in bushland and grassland between 690-1,170 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food invertebrate food medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Spermacoce chaetocephala world distribution map, present in Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritania, Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, Chad, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:766648-1
WFO ID wfo-0000312316
COL ID 4YJNC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Spermacoce abyssinica Spermacoce chaetocephala Spermacoce compacta Spermacoce hebecarpa Spermacoce kotschyana Borreria chaetocephala Borreria kotschyana Borreria neglecta Borreria compacta Borreria hebecarpa Spermacoce hebecarpa var. major Borreria chaetocephala var. minor