Spermacoce hispida L.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Spermacoce

Characteristics

Herbs, annual or perennial, or subshrubs, prostrate to perhaps weakly ascending, apparently often fleshy, to 50 cm tall; stems subterete to usually markedly quadrate, glabrous to puberulent or pilosulous on sides, angles cartilaginous to winged, wings to 0.1 mm wide, ciliolate, hispidulous, or ciliate. Leaves sessile to shortly petiolate; petiole to 4 mm, hirtellous throughout or ciliolate in lines; blade drying papery to leathery, oblong-elliptic, obovate, or spatulate, 10-30(-40) × 5-15(-18) mm, both surfaces hirtellous to scaberulous, hispidulous, and/or hirsute, base cuneate to obtuse and usually long decurrent, margin scaberulous or ciliolate and often revolute, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded; secondary veins 2 or 3(or 4) pairs or not visible; stipules moderately to densely puberulent, hirtellous, and/or pilosulous often in lines, sheath 1-3 mm, with 5-7 bristles 1-5 mm. Inflorescences axillary, 5-15 mm in diam., with 1-6 flowers per axil; bracts linear or infrequently stipuliform, 1-5 mm. Calyx puberulent to hirtellous or scaberulous; hypanthium portion ellipsoid, 0.8-1 mm; lobes 4, linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular, 1-1.5 mm, ciliolate or ciliate. Corolla pink, purple, or white, funnelform, outside glabrous or hispidulous to pilosulous on upper part; tube 2.5-4.5 mm, glabrous in throat; lobes elliptic-oblong, lanceolate, or triangular, 1-1.8 mm. Capsules ellipsoid to subglobose, sometimes weakly flattened perpendicular to septum, 2.5-5 × 2.5-3.5 mm, puberulent, hirtellous, pilosulous, and/or hispidulous, papery to cartilaginous, septicidal from apex with valves usually remaining connected at base then both valves loculicidal through septum, with calyx lobes sometimes enlarging, up to 2.2 mm; seeds black, elliptic to elliptic-oblong in outline, 2.2-3 mm, obtuse at both ends, shiny to dull, surface minutely granular or dimpled. Fl. and fr. Mar-Dec.
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Much-branched prostrate perennial herb forming mats up to 23–40 cm. wide; stems 10–20 cm. long, tinged reddish, covered with spreading white hairs, with short internodes and rather congested foliage.. Leaf-blades elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 0.6–1.5 cm. long, 1.5–6 mm. wide, ± acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, scabrid with white hairs on upper surface and particularly along the margins, also with hairs on midrib and nerves beneath; stipule-base hairy, ± 2 mm. long, with 3–6 fimbriae 3–6 mm. long; free petioles ± 1 mm. long or obsolete.. Flowers 1–several, sessile, in most leaf-axils.. Calyx-tube oblong-ovoid, 2 mm. long, densely hairy; lobes 4, lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. long, hairy along the margins.. Corolla pale blue or lilac; tube narrowly cylindrical, 6 mm. long; lobes oblong, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, hairy at the apex.. Filaments exserted 1 mm.. Style exserted 2.5–5 mm.; stigma shortly bifid, 0.8 mm. long.. Capsule obovoid, 3 mm. long, 2.7 mm. wide, with spreading white hairs.. Seeds chestnut-brown, oblong-ellipsoid, 2.5 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide, 0.8 mm. thick, sometimes narrowed to one end, finely reticulate, ventrally grooved.. Fig. 50/20, p. 342.
A herb. The leaves are 1-2 cm long by 0.8-1.5 cm wide. They are narrowly oval. The flowers are in groups in the axils of leaves. They are pinkish-white. The fruit is a flattened capsule.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.33
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Open sandy lands at lower elevations in southern China. Behind beaches, in dry gardens, teak forests, along steep roadsides, on sandy soils, locally abundant, at elevations from sea-level up to 500 metres
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It is a subtropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses food medicinal
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Astringents (leaf), Toothache (root), Demulcents (seed), Diarrhea (seed), Dysentery (seed), Ache(Ear) (unspecified), Blindness (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Otitis (unspecified), Pimple (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sting (unspecified), Splenitis (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Gingivitis (unspecified), Ophthalmia (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Asthenia (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Emollients (unspecified), Flatulence (unspecified), Headache (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Spermacoce hispida leaf picture by I AM (cc-by-sa)
Spermacoce hispida leaf picture by I AM (cc-by-sa)
Spermacoce hispida leaf picture by I AM (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Spermacoce hispida world distribution map, present in Andorra, Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:766765-1
WFO ID wfo-0000312472
COL ID 4YJT4
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706825
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Spermacoce avana Spermacoce mutilata Spermacoce rigida Borreria articularis var. hispida Spermacoce hispida