Spermacoce natalensis Hochst.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Spermacoce

Characteristics

Perennial erect, prostrate or trailing herb 15–55 cm. long or tall; stems branched or ± unbranched, 4-ribbed, glabrous except at nodes.. Leaf-blades ± linear, elliptic, or oblong-elliptic to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 0.8–4.5 cm. long, 1.5–8.5(–16) mm. wide, subacute at the apex, narrowed to the base, scabrid with very short hairs near the margins above but otherwise glabrous; petiole obsolete; stipules with base ± 1 mm. long, pubescent, bearing 5 fimbriae 2–4.5 mm. long.. Flowers in small clusters at most nodes, often appearing a little 1-sided due to the fact that they are present in 1 axil only; clusters to 8 mm. in diameter in fruiting stage; bracts stipule-like, with filiform fimbriae 2–2.5 mm. long.. Calyx-tube obconic, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, glabrous; limb-tube ± 0.2 mm. long; lobes 4, linear-lanceolate to oblong-triangular, 1–1.8 mm. long, sometimes reddish brown.. Corolla white; tube 1 mm. long; lobes triangular, 1.2–1.8 mm. long, 1.2 mm. wide, densely white hairy inside, obscurely papillate outside.. Anthers borne at the sinuses.. Style and stigma together very short, 0.3 mm. long.. Capsule squarish with rounded sides in outline, 1.2–1.3 mm. long, 1.5–1.8 mm. wide, compressed, 1 mm. thick, glabrous, very finely transversely wrinkled, pitted inside the valves, crowned with the persistent lobes.. Seeds blackish purple, 1.3 mm. long, 0.65 mm. wide, 0.4 mm. thick, deeply densely punctate.. Fig. 50/17, p. 342.
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Perennial herb, 0.2-0.7 m high; glabrous; stems prostrate to erect, 4-angled. Leaves opposite or falsely whorled, shortly petiolate. Stipular sheath with ± filiform fimbriae. Flowers axillary, in dense, sessile, globose masses. Calyx 4-lobed, persistent; lobes triangular; tube obovoid. Corolla 4-lobed, white; lobes spreading, white-hairy inside; tube slender, funnel-shaped. Stamens 4; filaments arising at throat. Ovary 2-locular; 1 ovule per locule; style filiform, exserted; stigma bilobed. Flowering time Aug.-May. Fruit a 2-valved capsule dehiscing from apex downwards.
Leaf blades 0.8–4.5 cm. x 1.5–8.5(16) mm., ± linear, elliptic, or oblong-elliptic to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, subacute at the apex, narrowed to the base, scabrid with very short hairs near the margins above but otherwise glabrous; petiole obsolete; stipules with base c. 1 mm. long, pubescent, bearing 5 fimbriae 2–4.5 mm. long.
Erect, glabrous, prostrate or trailing perennial herb, 150-550 mm tall. Leaf blades linear, elliptic or oblong-elliptic to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate. Flowers in small clusters at most nodes, 1-sided because in 1 axil of each node. Calyx lobes 1.0-1.8 mm long. Corolla tube 1 mm long. Capsule glabrous. Flowers white tinged pink.
Flowers in small clusters at most nodes, often appearing a little 1-sided due to the fact that they are present in 1 axil only; clusters to 8 mm. in diameter in fruiting stage; bracts stipule-like, with filiform fimbriae, 2–2.5 mm. long.
Capsule squarish with rounded sides in outline, 1.2–1.3 x 1.5–1.8 mm., compressed, 1 mm. thick, glabrous, very finely transversely wrinkled, pitted inside the valves, crowned with the persistent lobes.
Perennial erect, prostrate or trailing herb 15–55 cm. long or tall; stems several, branched or ± unbranched, 4-ribbed, glabrous except at nodes or scabrid with very short prickle-like hairs.
Calyx tube 1.2–1.5 mm. long, obconic, glabrous; limb tube c. 0.2 mm. long; lobes 4,1–1.8 mm. long, linear-lanceolate to oblong-triangular, sometimes reddish-brown.
Corolla white tinged pink; tube 1 mm. long; lobes 1.2–1.8 x 1.2 mm., triangular, densely white hairy inside, obscurely papillate outside.
Seeds blackish-purple, 1.3 x 0.65 x 0.4 mm., deeply densely punctate.
Style and stigma together very short, 0.3 mm. long.
Anthers borne at the sinuses.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.18 - 0.63
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 3-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Spermacoce natalensis world distribution map, present in Burkina Faso, Gabon, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:766854-1
WFO ID wfo-0000312601
COL ID 4YJWW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Borreria natalensis Diodia foliosa Diodia natalensis Diodia elongata Spermacoce natalensis