Spermacoce senensis (Klotzsch) Hiern

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Spermacoce

Characteristics

Annual unbranched or sparsely branched herb (3–)16–60 cm. tall, with 4-ribbed stems ± densely covered with spreading white hairs.. Leaf-blades narrowly elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 2–7 cm. long, 0.35–2.2 cm. wide, acute at the apex, narrowly cuneate at the base, with ± long hairs on both surfaces and scabrid at the margins; true petiole absent; stipule-sheath 3 mm. long, densely hairy, with 7 setae 0.2–1.1 cm. long.. Flowers in clusters at the nodes, up to 1.5–2 cm. in diameter in fruiting stage.. Calyx-tube subcylindric, 2.5 mm. long, hairy above; lobes 4, ± equal, mostly lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 2–4 mm. long, 0.2–0.8 mm. wide, scabrid on the margins.. Corolla white, sometimes with mauve streaks reaching into the throat, tube funnel-shaped, 3–8 mm. long; lobes triangular, 1.5–4.5 mm. long, 1–3 mm. wide, pubescent at the apex outside.. Filaments exserted 1–3 mm.. Style exserted 1–3.5 mm.. Capsule pale, often streaked red-brown, ellipsoid, 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, densely hairy.. Seeds pale chestnut-coloured to deep blackish red, oblong-ellipsoid, 2.6–2.8 mm. long, 1.2–1.7 mm. wide, 0.8–1 mm. thick, with a deep narrow ventral groove, covered with a fine shallow reticulation.. Fig. 51/23, p. 344.
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Leaf blades 2–7 x 0.35–2.2 (2.7) cm., narrowly elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the apex, narrowly cuneate at the base, with ± long hairs on both surfaces and scabrid at the margins; true petiole absent; stipule sheath 3 mm. long, densely hairy, with 7 setae 0.2–1.1 cm. long.
Erect or straggling annual herb, (0.03-)0.16-0.60 m high. Stems and leaves pubescent. Leaf blades narrowly elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate. Flowers in clusters at nodes. Calyx lobes 2-4 mm long. Corolla tube 3-8 mm long. Flowers white sometimes with mauve streaks.
Seeds pale chestnut-coloured to deep blackish red, 2.6–2.8 x 1.2–1.7 x 0.8–1 mm., oblong-ellipsoid, with a deep narrow ventral groove, covered with a fine shallow reticulation.
Corolla white, sometimes with mauve streaks reaching into the throat; tube 3–8 mm. long, funnel-shaped; lobes 1.5–4.5 x 1–3 mm., triangular, pubescent at the apex outside.
Calyx tube 2.5 mm. long, subcylindric, hairy above; lobes 4, ± equal, 2–4 x 0.2–0.8 mm., mostly lanceolate or narrowly oblong, scabrid on the margins.
Annual unbranched or sparsely branched erect or straggling herb (3)16–60 cm. tall, with 4-ribbed stems ± densely covered with spreading white hairs.
Flowers in clusters at the nodes, up to 1.5–2 cm. in diam. in fruiting stage.
Capsule pale, often streaked red-brown, 3 x 2 mm., ellipsoid, densely hairy.
Filaments exserted 1–3 mm.
Style exserted 1–3.5 mm.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.16 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Spermacoce senensis world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:766954-1
WFO ID wfo-0000312738
COL ID 4YK3D
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Spermacoce senensis Borreria rhodesica Borreria senensis Borreria squarrosa Diodia senensis Diodia benguellensis Mitracarpus dregeanus Borreria stolzii Spermacoce dregeana