Sphaeropteris cooperi (hook. ex F.muell.) R.m.tryon

Species

Pteridophytes > Cyatheales > Cyatheaceae > Sphaeropteris

Characteristics

Caudex erect, simple, up to 5 m high, up to 200 mm in diam., lower part thickened and covered by adventitious roots, with ovate stipe base scars higher up. Fronds up to 20 per plant, caespitose, arching, up to 4 m long. Stipe greenish brown, up to 950 mm long and 25 mm in diam., initially densely scaled, basal scaled up to 50 x 5 mm, chartaceous, pale brown, margins closely set with short and dark setae. Lamina elliptic, up to 3-pinnate, up to 3 x 1.4 m. Pinnae 1-pinnate-pinnatifid to 2-pinnate, narrowly ovate to ovate, up to 630 x 230 mm; petioles up to 40 mm long. Pinnules pinnatifid to 1-pinnate, oblong-acuminate, up to 120 x 30 mm; segments herbaceous, oblong-obtuse, up to 17 x 3 mm, falcate, denticulate, adaxially with rigid, curved hairs along the costae and costules, abaxially with reddish brown, fimbriate scales along the costae and costules; venation evident, branches once forked. Sori up to 11 pairs per segment, circular, up to 1.4 mm in diam. Indusium absent, scales with marginal setae around receptacle base.
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Caudex erect, simple, to 5 m tall and 15 cm diam., lower part thickened and covered by adventitious roots Fronds to 20 per plant, arching, to 4 m long, stipe to 45 cm long, 4.5 mm diam., initially densely scaled, basal scaled to 5 cm long, pale brown, margins closely set with short and dark setae, lamina elliptic, to 3-pinnate, to 3 m long and 1.4 m wide, pinnae 1-pinnate-pinnatifid to 2-pinnate, narrowly ovate to ovate, to 27 cm long, pinnules pinnatifid to 1-pinnate, segments herbaceous, oblong-obtuse, falcate, dentate. Sori up to 11 pairs per segment, circular, indusium absent.
A slender, tall tree fern. It grows 12 m high. The trunk is woody and 20 cm across. The fronds are twice divided. They can be dull or shiny green on top and paler underneath. The fronds are 4 m long by 1 m wide. They are long and soft and have a dense covering of brown scales. When the fronds break off they leave oval scars.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.5 - 4.0
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 5.0
Root system adventitious-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in tropical and subtropical rainforests. It grows in most forests in Queensland and New South Wales in Australia. The roots need to be kept moist. It is frost tender when young. It can withstand exposure in moist positions. It grows up to 1400 m altitude. Hobart Botanical Gardens. It suits hardiness zones 9-11.
Light 4-6
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The central growing heart is eaten after processing. Starch is extracted.
Uses environmental use food ornamental social use
Edible fronds leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from spores.
Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Sphaeropteris cooperi leaf picture by ian connop (cc-by-sa)
Sphaeropteris cooperi leaf picture by Louise Emillia (cc-by-sa)
Sphaeropteris cooperi leaf picture by Rui Guiomar (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Sphaeropteris cooperi world distribution map, present in Australia, Mauritius, New Zealand, Portugal, Réunion, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17532470-1
WFO ID wfo-0001241232
COL ID 4YRVS
BDTFX ID 103136
INPN ID 707880
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Alsophila hilliana Alsophila cooperi Cyathea cooperi Alsophila australis var. cervicalis Alsophila australis var. pallida Cyathea australis var. cervicalis Cyathea australis var. pallida Sphaeropteris cooperi