Spigelia humboldtiana Cham. & Schltdl.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Loganiaceae > Spigelia

Characteristics

Herb or low suffrutex 1-6 dm high, the roots usually fibrous; stems slender, simple or branched, glabrous or rather sparsely pilose distally in strips down each side (often along the margins of sulcae), the proximal portion often creeping. Leaves at the apex whorled, imperfectly whorled, or opposite, additional cauline leaf-pairs usually present; blades lance-ovate or lance-elliptic, infrequently lanceo-late or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, apically acute or subacuminate, basally cuneate to subtruncate or rounded, often decurrent along the petiole, 2-10 cm long, 0.8-4.5 cm broad, membranous, glabrous or with scattered pilose or mammillate trichomes above, occasionally minutely puberulent below on the main veins; petioles ex-tremely variable, obsolete to 15 mm long. Spikes 1(2), terminal, usually simple, 3-13 cm long, 6-35-flowered, occasionally overtopped by floriferous branches. Flowers with pedicels obsolete to 1-mm long; calyx-lobes glabrous or glabrate, subulate, free to the base, equal or subequal, 2-4 mm long; corolla slender-funnel-form (sometimes rather abruptly expanded above), white, often tinged with pink, glabrous, the tube 9-19 mm long, 1 mm broad at the base, 3-7.5 mm broad at the neck, the lobes ovate or deltoid-ovate, 3-4 mm long; anthers well-included, 1-1.5 mm long, very slender, the free-portion of filaments ca 2 mm long, attached to the co-rolla-tube above the middle; style included (the tip extending to or just beyond the location of the anthers), puberulent on the upper portion, approximately the upper 1/2 enlarged and deciduous. Capsules smooth externally (not muricate), 4-6 mm broad, 2.5-4 mm long, the persistent cupular base rounded to truncate or emarginate at each end, centrally foveate; seeds brownish, ovoid, carnose, ca 1.5 mm long, often reticulate or tuberculate on the surface.
Life form -
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.6
Root system creeping-root fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Spigelia humboldtiana flower picture by Roshan Tailor (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Spigelia humboldtiana world distribution map, present in Argentina, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:546947-1
WFO ID wfo-0000502793
COL ID 4Z35J
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 916440
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Spigelia intermedia Spigelia rubelliana Spigelia uruguaya Spigelia humboldtiana Spigelia scabra Spigelia australis Spigelia schomburgkiana Spigelia quaternata Spigelia hassleriana Spigelia guaranitica Spigelia chamaedryoides Spigelia humboldtiana var. obtusifolia Spigelia humboldtiana var. pubescens Spigelia scabra var. angustata