Stemona australiana C.H.Wright

Species

Angiosperms > Pandanales > Stemonaceae > Stemona

Characteristics

Slender glabrous twiner up to 2 m. Roots tuberous, dark brown, 2-10 cm long. Leaves alternate; blade lanceolate 8-14 by 1-5.5 cm, base cuneate, rounded, or shallowly cordate, apex acute, nerves 3-5; petiole 0.5-2.5 cm long. Inflorescence sessile, 1-8-flowered, usually one or two flowers in full bloom, bracts parchment-like, c. 2 mm long. Flowers: pedicel 5-40 mm long; tepals blackish-red or dark purple, 8-10 by c. 2 mm. Stamens c. 8 mm long; anthers 2-3.5 mm long, the ridge separating the thecae fleshy, brain-like structured, fissured and with bulging surface; appendix of thecae absent, staminode-like, or very short, up to 2 mm long. Fruit 10-15 by 5-10 mm, with a beak c. 3 mm, 1-6-seeded. Seeds elongate, rounded at the apex, 6-8 by 2-4 mm, the base surrounded by an aril consisting of hollow, finger-like appendages.
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Stems twining, to 2 m long. Leaves ovate to narrowly ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, cuneate, rounded or cordate at base; lamina 40–75 mm long, 3–35 mm wide, 3–11-veined; petiole 3–10 mm long. Flowers 1–3 per cluster; pedicels 8–30 mm long. Perianth segments ovate to narrowly ovate, obtuse, mucronate to acute, 10–14 mm long, deep red. Stamens 6–10 mm long; anthers 2–3 mm long; appendages minute, to 1.5 mm long. Fruit not seen.
A slender climber or vine. It has fleshy tubers. It can be 15 m long. The leaves are large and heart shaped. The leaves are held out from the stems on slender leaf stalks. There are several veins which spread out from where the leaf joins the stalk. The flowers are small and produced singly or in pairs in the axils of leaves. They are dark brown or black with red patches. The fruit are small and oval capsules.
Life form perennial
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Growth support climber
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Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 2.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in rainforest and open forest. In tropical Queensland it grows from sea level to 115 m altitude.
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Occurs in woodland, open forest, strand forest or on rainforest margins.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible roots tubers
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Cultivation

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Distribution

Stemona australiana world distribution map, present in Australia and Papua New Guinea

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:742800-1
WFO ID wfo-0000753796
COL ID 6ZJZ6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Stemona versteegii Stemona australiana Roxburghia javanica var. australiana