Sterculia murex Hemsl.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Sterculia

Characteristics

Deciduous tree up to about 10 m tall, with trunk 35 cm diameter of soft wood and with grey bark. Leaves digitately 5-9-foliolate on a petiole 10-23 cm long; leaflets oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate narrowed to both ends, acute, softly stellate-pubescent on both surfaces when young, becoming somewhat harsh above with age, reticulately veined. Inflorescence axillary, several to many near the ends of branches, of compound cymes; flowers mostly male by abortion; bisexual flowers rare and if present are among the last to open on the respective inflorescences. Calyx 5-lobed, petaloid, yellowish with brown or crimson marking, about 2 cm long; tube widely campanulate, 5 mm long; lobes ovate-lanceolate, about 1.5 cm long and 7 mm broad across base, with short stellate hairs on outer surface and mixed stellate and erect multicellular hairs on inner surface. Corolla absent. Andro-gynophore 8-9 mm long, erect in bud, becoming curved over in median plane on maturity, cupular at apex, furnished with short, simple and stellate hairs; cupule about 2 mm diam. with stamens massed in 2 rows on very short filaments round its circumference; anthers bilocular, opening by longitudinal slits; gynoecium of 5 carpels covered with stellate hairs with a common truncate style and 5-grooved stigma, slightly overtopping anthers. Fruit of 1-5 free follicles radiating in starlike manner; follicles up to 12 cm long, 10 cm broad, 8 cm deep with beak up to 5 cm long; outer surface covered with spines of different lengths up to 3.5 cm long, the whole surface densely stellate-pubescent outside and with long simple irritant hairs amongst the seeds; seed black, subglobose, up to about 2.5 cm long.
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A handsome leafy tree. It is 6-12 m tall. It has wide spreading branches. There are 1-2 stems which are up to 30 cm across. The bark is thick, ribbed and grey-brown. The leaves are on long hairy stalks. They are alternate and have 5-10 stalkless leaflets. These radiate like fingers on a hand. They are oblong but narrow to both ends. They are usually 10 cm long by 5 cm wide. They are velvety on both sides. The flowers are in sprays at the ends of branches. These can be 10 cm long. Flowers are waxy and yellow. The sepals look like petals. The flowers are saucer-shaped and 2-2.5 cm across. The fruit are made up of carpels each 9-20 cm long by 7-13 cm wide. They can be singly or in groups of 2-5. They split along the upper surface to form boat shaped structures. These have spines over them. The openings are fringed with irritating hairs. The seeds are large and can be 2.5 cm long. They are black and rich in oil. They are edible.
Deciduous tree, up to 10 m high. Leaves digitately 5-9-foliolate on petiole 100-230 mm long, leaflets oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate narrowed to both ends. Fruit of 1-5 free follicles, outer surface covered with spines of different lengths. Flowers yellow, marked with brown or crimson.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. Plants are sensitive to frost. They grow in rocky locations. It suits hardiness zones 9-11.
More
Wooded rocky hills.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The seeds are eaten.
Uses environmental use food medicinal wood
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seeds. Seeds grow easily but slowly.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification soaking
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Sterculia murex unspecified picture

Distribution

Sterculia murex world distribution map, present in South Africa

Conservation status

Sterculia murex threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:825359-1
WFO ID wfo-0001141107
COL ID 52DHC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sterculia murex