Strychnos lucens Baker

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Loganiaceae > Strychnos

Characteristics

Woody climber or semi-scandent shrub or small tree with sarmentose branches, 5–20 m. high; branchlets brown to greyish-straw-colour, glabrous or rarely with short ± spreading stiff ginger-coloured hairs on the ultimate branchlets (Tanner 1557); tendrils sometimes present, bifurcate; lenticels usually conspicuous, generally elongate, more rarely circular; petiole-bases persistent, ± prominent.. Leaves shortly petiolate; lamina thickly coriaceous, oblong-elliptic to broadly elliptic, very variable in size, 2–11 cm. long, 1–7 cm. wide, acute, shortly acuminate or more rarely rounded or sub-truncate at the apex, rounded or broadly cuneate at the base, usually shining above, shining or ± dull beneath, strongly 3-nerved from or just above the base; faint marginal nerve often present; tertiary nerves arising at a wide angle to the midrib; venation conspicuously prominent and reticulate on both surfaces, glabrous or rarely with a few hairs near the base beneath.. Cymes axillary, up to 2.5 cm. long, shortly pedunculate, 3–9-flowered, pubescent with brown hairs, Flowers 4–5-merous, about 6 mm. long.. Calyx-lobes elliptic to broadly elliptic, rounded, ciliate, definitely shorter than corolla-tube.. Corolla greenish-white; tube subcylindrical; lobes oblong, acute, thickened and cucullate at the apex, shorter than the tube; corolla glabrous except for dense hairs forming a ring in the throat.. Stamens sessile, inserted at mouth of corolla; anthers glabrous, just exserted.. Style gradually tapered into the ovary, densely pilose below, ± subequal to the corolla-tube.. Fruit 1.5–5 cm. in diameter, with firm rind, orange.. Seeds up to 30, thick, ovoid, about 1–1.3 cm. long.. Fig. 4/1, 2, p. 22; Fig. 5/1–3.
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Leaves: petiole glabrous or with scattered hairs, 2–7 mm. long; lamina shining and dark green above, paler and mat or slightly shining beneath, often thickly coriaceous (thinner in the shade) also when fresh, elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or narrowly ovate, 1–5–3 times as long as wide, extremely variable in size, (2)4–10(16) x (1)2·5–5(8·5) cm., acute, shortly acuminate, or sometimes rounded or subtruncate at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base; glabrous or rarely with few hairs near the base beneath; one pair of secondary veins from above the base curved along the margin and often also with a faint submarginal pair; tertiary venation reticulate, prominent on both sides in dry leaves.
Corolla in the mature bud 2·2–2·5 times as long as the calyx, 5·5–7·5 mm. long, and rounded at the apex, pale green–yellow, glabrous outside, inside with a white densely sericeous–villose ring in the throat; tube nearly cylindrical, 1·2–1·4 times as long as the calyx, 0–9–1·5 times as long as the lobes, at the base 1·5–1·8 mm., at the throat 1·5–2·5 mm. wide; lobes thicker towards the apex, oblong, 2–3·3 x as long as wide, 2·4 x 1–1·2 mm., acute at the apex, spreading.
Sepals green, connate at the very base, usually subequal, ovate or broadly ovate, 1·2–1·5 times as long as wide, (1·7)2–3 x 1·5–2·2 mm., rounded or sometimes obtuse at the apex, ciliate, glabrous on both sides, without colleters.
Pistil pilose or hirto–pilose in the middle, 4·5–6 mm. long; ovary ovoid, 1·5–2·5 x 1–1·5 mm., glabrous at the base, usually gradually narrowed into the style, 2–celled; style glabrous at the apex, 3–4 mm. long; stigma capitate.
Seed pale brown or ochraceous, obliquely elliptic, ovate, ellipsoid, or more or less tetrahedral, 1 x 7·5 x 4–21 x 14 x 5 mm., mostly somewhat thickened at one side in the middle, rough, minutely scabrid–pubescent.
Fruit orange or yellow, nearly mature glaucous, small or rather large, globose, 1·5–7 cm. in diam., hard when not small, (1)10–30(45)–seeded. Wall 1–3 mm. thick when dry. Pulp orange or yellow, slimy.
Stamens slightly exserted; filaments glabrous, very short, inserted at the mouth of the corolla tube; anthers oblong, 1–2 x 0·5–0·6 mm., sagittate at the base, glabrous; cells parallel.
Inflorescence axillary, 3–20–flowered, rather congested or lax, pubescent with brown hairs or sometimes glabrous, shortly pedunculate, 1·5–5 x 1·5–4 cm.
Trunk 2–5 cm. in diam., or more; bark dark grey, lenticellate, pale grey–brown to black; branchlets glabrous or occasionally pubescent.
Climbing shrub or liana, 3–20 m, high climbing, up to at least 30 m. long.
Flowers 5–merous, sessile or shortly pedicellate.
In each cell 15–25(30) ovules.
Tendrils paired.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 5.0 - 20.0
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
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Cultivation

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Distribution

Strychnos lucens world distribution map, present in Angola, Central African Republic, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:547293-1
WFO ID wfo-0000503015
COL ID 5378W
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Strychnos loandensis Strychnos lucens Strychnos milneredheadii