Strychnos lucida R.Br.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Loganiaceae > Strychnos

Characteristics

Small, often crooked tree or shrub, up to 12 m by 24 cm ø, spiny when young. Twigs sparsely pubescent, soon glabrescent (Australian specimens glabrous from the beginning); branches greyish, rough by many small lenticels. Leaves ovate or elliptic to suborbicular, 2.5-10 by 1.5-6 cm, thin-chartaceous, glabrous, below granular and dull (somewhat glaucous), base cuneate to faintly cordate, usually attenuate, apex blunt to rounded, sometimes slightly emarginate, rarely tapering and acute; mostly 3-plinerved at the base (to 5-plinerved); petiole 2-4 mm. Inflorescences terminal, sometimes with a pair of strong basal branches in the upper leaf-axils, 2.5-3 cm long, with c. 9 flowers, fairly densely, minutely pubescent. Calyx 1-1.25 mm long, sepals broadly cordate, acute, outside short-tomentose, inside glabrous. Corolla salver-shaped, 1-1.5 cm long, tube 7-12 mm, inside sometimes with a few woolly hairs. Stamens inserted in the mouth, glabrous, filament short, anther cleft to about or slightly below the middle, oblong, 1.5-1.75 mm. Ovary globular, c. 1 mm ø, conically narrowed into the c. 1.25 long style, both glabrous; stigma truncate. Fruits few, globular, 2-2.5 cm ø, smooth, glabrous. Seeds 2-3, nearly disk-shaped, 12-15 by 10-12 by 2.5-5 mm, densely short pubescent.
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Trees to 12 m tall, with spines when young. Branchlets sparsely pubescent or glabrous; branches grayish, rough with many small lenticels. Petiole 2--4 mm; leaf blade 2.5--10 X 1.5--6 cm, thinly papery, both surfaces glabrous, abaxially granular, base cuneate to slightly cordate, apex rounded, obtuse, or acute, basal veins 3--5. Thyrses terminal, ca. 9-flowered, pubescent. Calyx lobes broadly ovate. Corolla salverform, 1--1.5 cm; tube 7--12 mm, outside pubescent. Stamens inserted at corolla mouth, glabrous; filaments short; anthers oblong, 1.5--1.7 mm, apex exserted. Ovary globose, ca. l mm in diam. Style ca. 1.2 mm; stigma truncate. Berries globose, 2--2.5 cm in diam., smooth, glabrous, 2-or 3-seeded. Seeds nearly disc-shaped, 1.2--1.5 X 1--1.2 cm, densely pubescent. Fl. Mar-Jun, fr. Aug-Nov.
Deciduous shrub or small tree to 12 m high, with super-axillary spines when young, minutely pubescent, glabrescent; tendrils lacking. Leaves with petiole 1–3 mm long; lamina ovate to elliptic, 2.6–6.1 cm long, 1.7–3.7 cm wide; lower surface minutely papillose; minor veins conspicuous. Inflorescences terminal, usually crowded, 25–30 mm long, minutely papillose. Calyx 1–1.3 mm long; outer surface tomentose. Corolla tubular, 10–15 mm long, 3/4-connate, aromatic, cream-white to yellow-green; inner surface sometimes with a few woolly hairs; lobes not thickened. Stamens inserted in corolla mouth. Gynoecium 8–12 mm long, glabrous. Fruits globular, 16–25 mm diam., orange to yellow, smooth. Seeds 2 or 3, nearly disc-shaped, c. 14 mm long, with dense appressed capillary hairs.
A tree. It grows 12 m tall. It has spines when young. The leaves are 2.5-10 cm long by 1.5-6 cm wide. There are about 9 flowers in a group at the ends of branches. The fruit are berries 2-2.5 cm across. There are 2 or 3 seeds. These are disk shaped and 1.2-1.5 cm across. They are hairy.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 12.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A characteristic plant of land subject to a dry monsoon, in S. Malaysia and Siam in teak and other dryland forests, in secondary forest, shrubberies, and savannahs, in Siam also on limestone rocks, in Australia mainly in open to dense savannah woodland, open places in monsoon forests, scrubby forest, etc., up to c. 200(-400) m. Fl. May, Sept.-Dec., fr. June-Dec. (for both only very few exact dates are available).
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Teak forest and other dryland forest, often in secondary forest but also in scrubs and savannahs, usually at elevations up to 200 metres, occasionally to 400 metres. Also found on limestone hills in Thailand.
Found in deciduous microphyll to evergreen notophyll vine forest, open woodlandand the edge of dry savannah or riverine vegetation, up to 400 m altitude.
It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 3-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses. The bark, the bitter wood, and the root are medicinally used.
Uses food material medicinal poison wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use Apertif (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Sore (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Strychnos lucida world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Spain, Indonesia, Iceland, Malaysia, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Strychnos lucida threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:547295-1
WFO ID wfo-0001074214
COL ID 5378X
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Strychnos muricata Strychnos roborans Strychnos ligustrina Strychnos lucida