Strychnos xantha Leeuwenb.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Loganiaceae > Strychnos

Characteristics

Leaves with a glabrous, 5–8 mm. long petiole; lamina hardly shining and pale green, not or slightly paler beneath, usually yellow when dry, often stiffly coriaceous when fresh, elliptic, narrowly elliptic, ovate or narrowly ovate, (1·5)2–3 x as long as wide, 4–9(11·5) x 1·5–4·5(7) cm., acuminate at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, glabrous on both sides; one or two pairs of secondary veins from or from above the base curved along the margin and often a faint submarginal pair; tertiary venation reticulate, conspicuous, in dry leaves prominent on both sides, in living beneath only.
More
Corolla in the mature bud 3·5–5 x as long as the calyx, 4·5–6·5 mm. long and rounded at the apex, white, outside glabrous or minutely papillose–pubescent, inside densely pilose on the lobes and in the throat, less pilose in the tube, glabrous at the base; tube cylindrical or nearly so, 1·7–3 x as long as the calyx, 1–1·3 x as long as the lobes, 2·4–3·5 mm. long, at the throat 1·8–2·2 mm. wide; lobes oblong, 1·7–2·5 x as long as wide, 2·4–3·3 x 1·2–1·5 mm., acute, recurved.
Fruit orange or yellow, nearly mature pale green, with paler dots, small, soft, ellipsoid, 15 x 10–20 x 18 mm., often mucronate, often obliquely pedicellate, with smooth skin, 1–2–seeded. Wall thin, when dry 0·3–0·5 mm. thick. Pulp orange or yellow.
Seed ochraceous, often obliquely ellipsoid, flattened, 10 x 8 x 3–14 x 11 x 4 mm., at one side with a deep pit at the other with a bulge surrounded by a shallow groove; seemingly papillose; false papillae simulated by short curved hairs.
Inflorescence axillary and occasionally also terminal, rather congested, few–flowered, much shorter than the leaves, 1·5 x 1–2·5 x 1·5 cm. Peduncle, branched, and pedicels short, thin, glabrous.
Climbing shrub or liana, at least 6–10 m. high, climbing over shrubs or in trees, not climbing shrub or small tree with short thick trunk and often liana–like branches, 2–12 m. high.
Branches ochraceous or black–brown, often spotted, not lenticellate, terete, not or hardly sulcate when dry; branchlets glabrous, terete, ochraceous and often sulcate when dry.
Stamens exserted; filaments 0·8–1·5 x as long as the anthers, elongate at anthesis, inserted at the mouth of the corolla tube; anthers oblong, 0·7–1 x 0·4–0·6 mm., glabrous.
Pistil glabrous, 4–5·5 mm. long; ovary ovoid or nearly so, 1–1·5 x 0·8–1 mm., 2–celled; style slender, 2·8–4·2 mm. long; stigma obscurely bilobed or less often capitate.
Bark slightly rough, grey or black, in section faded yellow; sapwood white; wood faded yellow.
Trunk short (in trees), 50 cm. in diam.
Tendrils — if present — paired.
In each cell 6–8 ovules.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Strychnos xantha world distribution map, present in Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:547569-1
WFO ID wfo-0001074188
COL ID 537H8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Strychnos xantha