Syzygium cordatum Hochst.

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Syzygium

Characteristics

A medium sized evergreen tree. It grows to 8-15 m high. The trunk sometimes has buttresses. The crown of the tree is rounded. The bark is dark brown and rough with cracks along its length. The small branches are angular and the edges of them is winged. The leaves tend to be near the ends of branches and occur in large numbers. They clasp the stem in opposite pairs. The following leaf pair are at right angles. The leaves are leathery and blue-green. They are oblong to circular and 3-8 cm long by 2-8 cm across. The base of the leaf is heart shaped. The edges of the leaves are often wavy. The new leaves are bright red. The flowers occur in dense branched clusters. These can be 10 cm across. They are white or pink and the stamens show up clearly. The flowers contain both sexes. The flowers produce abundant nectar. They are also scented. The fruit is 1.3 cm long. They are purple. The fruit is edible. It has one seed inside.
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Small or medium-sized evergreen tree, 3-15 m high; foliage very dense, slightly glaucous; bark dark brown, rough, flaking; young stems quadrangular, slightly winged. Leaf oblong-elliptic or suborbicular, up to 80 mm long, apex broadly rounded to subacute. Flowers in branched, terminal, corymbose cymes, creamy white to pink, fragrant. Stamens many, fluffy. Flowering time Aug.-May. Fruit an oval berry, ± 18 x 9 mm, purple-black, urceolate, calyx persistent.
Leaf-lamina 4–8 x 2·2–13·5 x 7 cm., lanceolate-elliptic to oblong-elliptic or suborbicular, apex broadly rounded to subacute or, very rarely very shortly subacuminate, or emarginate, base deeply cordate and amplexicaul; petiole up to 0·2 cm. long.
Tree or shrub, up to 10 m high. Branches tetragonous. Leaves opposite, elliptic-cordate. Fruit purple, becoming almost black when ripe. Flowers white to cream.
Receptacle (including pseudopedicel) + calyx 0–6–0–9 cm. long; calyx +upper receptacle 0·35–0·5 cm. long; filaments (0·8)1·1–1·5 cm. long.
Fruit c. 1·8 x 0·9 cm., purple-black, urceolate, persistent calyx + upper receptacle 0·3–0·4 cm. long x 0·5 cm. wide.
Small or medium-sized evergreen tree up to 20 m. tall; foliage very dense, slightly glaucous.
Young stems quadrangular and slightly winged.
Bark dark brown, rough, flaking.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0 - 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It occurs in lowland forests always near streams and swamps. It can grow up to 1680 m above sea level in South Africa. In swamps forests it can form a very large fern covered tree while in drier areas is is a much smaller rounded shrub. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall above 500 mm. It can re-grow after fire. It can grow in arid places.
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Common near fresh water or along fresh watercourses. It occurs in lowlands as well as medium to high latitude forests, along stream banks and in riverine thickets.
Light -
Soil humidity 10-12
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The fruit is eaten raw. It is also used for drinks and jams. An alcoholic drink is made from the fruit. Caution: Alcohol is a cause of cancer. The leaves are used as a seasoning and preservative.
Uses animal food bee plant charcoal dye environmental use fodder food food additive fuel gene source invertebrate food material medicinal ornamental poison seasoning social use timber vertebrate poison wood
Edible fruits seeds stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It is grown from fresh seed. The seeds can be in pots for transplanting or sown directly. There are 400-500 seeds per kg. The seeds germinate well and evenly. Most have germinated in 25 days. Seed cannot be dried out and will only remain viable for a day.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 15 - 25
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Syzygium cordatum leaf picture by Bever Boom (cc-by-sa)
Syzygium cordatum leaf picture by Manie Maree (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Syzygium cordatum flower picture by Susann Grieschat (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Syzygium cordatum fruit picture by Susann Grieschat (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Syzygium cordatum world distribution map, present in South Africa

Conservation status

Syzygium cordatum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:601581-1
WFO ID wfo-0000318491
COL ID 545WS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Syzygium cordifolium Eugenia cordata Syzygium cymiferum Jambosa cymifera Syzygium cordatum

Lower taxons

Syzygium cordatum subsp. cordatum Syzygium cordifolium subsp. cordifolium Syzygium cordatum var. cordatum