Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry

Syzygium (en), Jamalac (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Syzygium

Characteristics

Trees, to 12 m tall. Branchlets compressed. Petiole less than 4 mm to sometimes nearly absent; leaf blade elliptic to oblong, 10-22 × 5-8 cm, thinly leathery, abaxially with numerous small glands, adaxially turning yellowish brown when dry, secondary veins 14-19 on each side of midvein, 6-10 mm apart, and at an angle of ca. 45° from midvein, reticule veins conspicuous, intramarginal veins ca. 5 mm from margin and an additional intramarginal vein ca. 1.5 mm from margin, base narrow, rounded, or slightly cordate, apex obtuse to slightly acute. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, cymes, 5-6 cm, several-flowered. Flowers white. Hypanthium obconic, 7-8 × 6-7 mm. Calyx lobes 4, semiorbicular, ca. 4 × 4 mm or larger. Petals 4, distinct, 1-1.3 cm. Stamens numerous, ca. 1.5 cm. Style 2.5-3 cm. Fruit dark red, pyriform to conic, 4-5 cm, fleshy, glossy, apex impressed; persistent sepals fleshy. Seed 1. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. May-Jun.
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Trees. Leaves elliptical-oblong, rounded or subcordate at the base, mostly obtusely acuminate at the apex, 10-24 cm. long and 4-11 cm. wide, chartaccous, glabrous, aromatic. Inflorescence terminal or lateral, in the first case often many-flowered, the flowers usually in clusters of 3. Receptacle cup-like, produced above the ovary, about 12 mm. high. Sepals 4, semi-orbiculate, glabrous, about 4 mm. long. Petals and stamen filaments yellowish white, the petals about 1 cm. long, concealed by the elongate stamens. Berry pear-shaped or subglobose, about 3-5 cm. long, pinkish or white, carnose, insipid.
A tree up to 15 m high that branches near the base giving a spreading open tree. The leaves are smaller (25 cm x 10 cm) and more pointed than Malay apple and on short stalks. Flowers are about 3 cm wide and white. They are on leafy twigs. It produces clusters of attractive glossy pink waxy looking fruit. Fruit are 3 cm long and 3-5 cm wide. At the end of the fruit there is a cavity almost enclosed by four lobes. The fruit has a waxy skin and crispy flesh.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 12.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. Trees grow in coastal areas in the tropics. They need a deep fertile soil. It needs adequate rainfall and some humidity. In Samoa it grows from sea level to 930 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 11-12. In XTBG Yunnan.
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Coastal forests. Scrub behind coastal beaches.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten fresh with salt or cooked as a sauce or stewed with apples. The fruit have little taste.
Uses environmental use food gene source material medicinal timber wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Diarrhea (flower), Fever (flower), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Low back pain (leaf), Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are mainly raised from seeds. Fresh seeds must be used. Often few seeds are produced. They can be propagated by air layering or budding. Girdling of the shoots and using rooting hormones enables cuttings to be used for propagation. A spacing of 8-10 m apart is suitable.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Syzygium samarangense leaf picture by Didi J. Santri (cc-by-sa)
Syzygium samarangense leaf picture by Didi J. Santri (cc-by-sa)
Syzygium samarangense leaf picture by Thomas Paliath (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Syzygium samarangense flower picture by Franck Prejger (cc-by-sa)
Syzygium samarangense flower picture by Patrick FIAT (cc-by-sa)
Syzygium samarangense flower picture by Hasan Sabran (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Syzygium samarangense fruit picture by Cédric Guillemin (cc-by-sa)
Syzygium samarangense fruit picture by Julian Garnier (cc-by-sa)
Syzygium samarangense fruit picture by Julien Champ (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Syzygium samarangense world distribution map, present in American Samoa, Bangladesh, China, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guam, Indonesia, India, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Martinique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Panama, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, Viet Nam, and Vanuatu

Conservation status

Syzygium samarangense threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602209-1
WFO ID wfo-0000319382
COL ID 546S2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447413
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Jambosa obtusissima Jambosa timorensis Myrtus javanica Jambosa alba Jambosa ambigua Jambosa samarangensis Myrtus obtusissima Myrtus samarangensis Eugenia mindanaensis Eugenia javanica Eugenia samarangensis Eugenia alba Syzygium samarangense var. parviflorum Eugenia javanica var. roxburghiana Eugenia javanica var. parviflora Syzygium samarangense