Talinum caffrum (Thunb.) Eckl. & Zeyh.

Flameflower (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Talinaceae > Talinum

Characteristics

Perennial herb from a deeply buried, sometimes lobed tuber, tuber with white flesh, a woody “neck” developing between the tuber and the annual stems; stems decumbent to prostrate or infrequently suberect, to 30 cm long, much branched.. Leaves alternate, variable, linear, linear-oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 2–7 cm long, 3–13 mm wide, margins often revolute, base cuneate to a brief petiole, apex apiculate.. Flowers in axillary 1(–2)-flowered cymes, opening in the afternoon; peduncle 0.5–1.5(–2.5) cm long, stout, recurving in fruit, tipped by a pair of bracts; pedicel stout, thickenedupwards.. Sepals ovate-acuminate, membranous, 7–12 mm long; petals yellow, ± 10 mm long, spreading, obovate, acute; stamens 25–60; ovary green.. Capsule plump, conical, yellow, glossy, (5–)7–9 mm high; seeds lenticular, 1.6–1.8 mm in diameter, black, glossy, with elongate testa cells and prominent concentric ridges.. Fig. 5 (p. 31).
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Dwarf shrub, 0.03-0.60 m high; root fleshy, tuberous. Leaves succulent, linear to oblong, mostly 20-40 x 3-6 mm, apex mucronate, margins revolute, petiolate; stipules linear, caducous. Inflorescences axillary, cymose 1(2)-flowered; peduncle 5-15 mm long; pedicels mostly 15 mm long. Flowers bisexual, yellow. Sepals 2, lanceolate. Petals 5, obovate, ephemeral. Stamens 25-30(-50). Ovary superior, 1-locular with 3 carpels; conical ovules 25-40. Flowering time Nov.-Feb. Fruit a shiny capsule, ochre, chartaceous, 1-locular, many-seeded, ovoid. Seeds spherical to comma-shaped, ± 1 mm long, dark brown or black, ridged, perpendicular grooves between ridges, hilum distinct, aril small, basal.
A herb. It keeps growing from year to year. It grows about 45 cm tall. It has a deeply buried tuber with annual stems. The leaves are 6 cm long and somewhat fleshy. The flowers are in groups of 1-3 in the axils of leaves. The petals are rich yellow. They are 2 cm long. The seeds are shiny and black. They are in a round capsule.
Dwarf shrub, up to 0.4 m high, Stems semi-erect or decumbent. Leaves linear to oblong, margins irregularly recurved. Flowers: inflorescence 1-flowered; corolla yellow; Sep.-Feb. Seeds with concentric ridges perpendicular, elongate papillae between ridges.
Leaf-lamina somewhat fleshy, 1·5–6 × 0·2–1·5 cm., very variable in shape, typically lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate or ovate, rarely almost linear, apex subacute, mucronate, cuneate at the base, margin sometimes revolute, petiole up to 4 mm. long.
Erect or decumbent herb with branches up to 400 mm long. Leaves linear to oblong. Inflorescence 1-flowered. Pedicel not thread-like. Seeds with concentric ridges perpendicular, elongate papillae between ridges. Flowers yellow.
Inflorescences axillary, 1-or rarely 2–3-flowered; peduncle c. 2 cm. long, thickened towards the apex, with a pair of subulate bracteoles c. 1·5 mm. long in the upper half.
Seeds c. 20, shining black with a white hilum, 1·5–2 mm. in diam., reniform-globose, with well defined, elevated, concentric ridges.
Perennial glabrous herb c. 40 cm. tall from a thickened turnip-like root c. 12 cm. long; stems suberect or erect.
Petals yellow or golden, about twice the length of the sepals, ovate, rounded at the apex.
Ovary subglobose; style 2–5 mm. long; stigmas 3, 1–2 mm. long, spreading.
Stamens numerous; filaments filamentous, c. 4 mm. long.
Sepals 0·5–1·0 cm. long, ovate, acuminate at the apex.
Capsule subglobose.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.4
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in dry rocky soil. It grows between sea level and 2,750 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places. It is drought resistant because of its tuber.
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Rocky places in open woodland or grassland; at elevations from 100-2,050 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are picked while freshly growing and boiled and eaten with relish and salt. They are also eaten raw as a salad.
Uses animal food environmental use food gene source material medicinal social use
Edible leaves stems
Therapeutic use Witchcraft (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Talinum caffrum unspecified picture

Distribution

Talinum caffrum world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Sudan, eSwatini, Chad, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699483-1
WFO ID wfo-0000454466
COL ID 54LK4
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Talinum caffrum Portulaca caffra Talinum esculentum Anacampseros ramosa