Tamarix aphylla (L.) H.Karst.

Athel tamarisk (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Tamaricaceae > Tamarix

Characteristics

Trees or large shrubs. Young branches smooth. Leaves sessile, vaginate, ca. 2 mm, base amplexicaul, apex acute. Racemes 3-6 cm × 4-5 mm; when flowering in spring, racemes solitary; flowers blooming more commonly in summer, then racemes on new branches; flowers subsessile; bracts triangular or broadly triangular, exceeding pedicels, base slightly amplexicaul, apex acuminate. Pedicels much shorter than calyx. Calyx 5-fid, ca. 1.5 mm, margin entire, apex obtuse; outer 2 lobes slightly smaller, broadly ovate or broadly elliptic, abaxially slightly carinate; inner 3 larger, broadly elliptic or suborbicular. Petals 5, elliptic, oblong, or ovate-elliptic, 2-2.3 mm, deciduous, sometimes 1 or 2 persistent in fruit. Disk 5-lobed; lobes emarginate at apex or deeply divided into 10 lobules. Stamens 5; filaments inserted between disk lobes. Fl. Sep-Oct and rarely in spring. 2n = 24*.
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Trees, to 10+ m. Leaves sheathing; blade abruptly pointed, 2 mm. Inflorescences 3–6 cm × 4–5 mm; bract exceeding pedicel, not reaching calyx tip. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1–1.5 mm, margins entire; petals oblong to elliptic, 2–2.5 mm; antisepalous stamens 5, filaments alternate with nectar disc lobes, all originating from edge of disc. 2n = 24.
A shrub or tree. It grows 10 m tall. The bark is grey or reddish brown. The branches are erect and spreading. The leaves form a sheath around the small branches. The tip has an abrupt sharp point. The flowering shoot is 3-6 cm long. The flowers have 5 parts. They have a small flower stalk. The flowers are pinkish or white.
Small tree up to 10 m, with feathery greyish foliage, halophytic, monoecious. Leaves mostly 1–2 mm long, scale-like, each forming a sheath around the stem. Flowers subsessile. Sepals, petals and stamens 5. Petals elliptic, c. 2 mm long, pale pink. Nectary disk protruding between the stamen bases.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a Mediterranean plant. It grows well in desert regions. It will tolerate salt spray and salty soils. It can grow in arid places. It grows in the Sahara. In Northeastern India it grows up to 900 m above sea level.
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Coastal scrubland in saline soils. Wadis in hot desert areas in salty and non-salty habitats. Sandy soil and dunes; sebkha, canal and river banks, salty desert, fields; at elevations from 200-400 metres.
Wadis in hot desert areas in salty and non-salty habitats.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

The sweet manna from the twigs is eaten with porridge or mixed with water to make a drink.
Uses animal food charcoal dye environmental use food food additive fuel material medicinal ornamental timber wood
Edible gums stems
Therapeutic use Aphrodisiacs (bark), Astringents (bark), Eczema (bark), Hypomenorrhea (gall), Analgesics (gall), Anti-inflammatory agents (gall), Appetite stimulants (gall), Astringents (gall), Constipation (gall), Diarrhea (gall), Hematologic diseases (gall), Hemostatics (gall), Inflammation (gall), Leukorrhea (gall), Splenic diseases (gall), Eczema (unspecified), Gargle (unspecified), Sclerosis(Spleen) (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Gastralgia (unspecified), Enteritis (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 50
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 27 - 40
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Tamarix aphylla habit picture by Dr Sandeep Kumar Yadav (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Tamarix aphylla leaf picture by Jonathan Golan (cc-by-sa)
Tamarix aphylla leaf picture by Jonathan Golan (cc-by-sa)
Tamarix aphylla leaf picture by M. Hedayat (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Tamarix aphylla flower picture by M. Hedayat (cc-by-sa)
Tamarix aphylla flower picture by M. Hedayat (cc-by-sa)
Tamarix aphylla flower picture by Jonathan Golan (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Tamarix aphylla fruit picture by Jonathan Golan (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Tamarix aphylla world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Anguilla, United Arab Emirates, Australia, Bahrain, China, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Algeria, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Haiti, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Mexico, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Somalia, Chad, Tunisia, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, and Yemen

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:828051-1
WFO ID wfo-0000458771
COL ID 54M9Z
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Tetraclinis aphylla Tamarix articulata Tamarix orientalis Tamarix aphylla