Tamarix usneoides E.Mey. ex Bunge

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Tamaricaceae > Tamarix

Characteristics

A gregarious, copiously branched shrub or tree up to 5 m high, with a deep taproot and spreading superficial roots from which adventive buds may give rise to new plants; bark brownish grey with rough transverse scars; upper branchlets congested, soft, pendulous, giving the tree a plumose appearance. Leaves reduced to sharp pointed, amplexicaul, vaginate scales, completely covering the young stems, pale glaucous-green. Inflorescences massed apically, the upper parts of the branchlets turning into simple many-flowered racemes; leaves changing into semi-amplexicaul, auriculate bracts with long patent apices, the flowers solitary in their axils. Flowers very small, shortly pedicellate, greyish or creamy white, unisexual and dioecious or rarely bisexual. Sepals 5, free, ovate, 1 mm, spreading. Petals 5, free, oblong, 2 mm, obtuse, erectopatent. Stamens in male or bisexual flowers on long, thin filaments exceeding the petals, basally attached to a 5-lobed dark red, fleshy disc; anthers obtuse, pink; in the female flowers the flattened staminodes vary in shape, from nearly as long as the ovary to minute, the apex spathulate (if vestigial anthers are present) or apiculate. Ovary flask-shaped, 1.5 mm long, with 3 thick, short incurved stigmas; ovules several; in the male flowers the ovary reduced in size. Capsule pyramidal-attenuate, about 6 mm long; seeds c. 3 mm, grain-like with a plumose apical awn and a tuft of hairs as long as the seed.
More
Dioecious tree, 1.5-5.0 m high; bark brown, later grey. Leaves vaginate, with small herbaceous point, ± 1.25 mm long. Inflorescence less dense, 20-60 mm long racemes. Bracts leaf-like. Flowers unisexual, pentamerous. Sepals entire, outer 2 ovate-acute, inner trullate-ovate. Petals persistent, inequilateral, ovate to ± elliptic, creamy white. Disc fleshy, dark-coloured, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, antisepalous, inserted on periphery of disc. Male flowers: stamens alternating with lobes (disc hololophic) or each lobe deeply bipartite with each half lobe fusing to the adjacent filament (disc paralophic). Female flowers: half lobes of bipartite discal lobes very strongly fused to adjacent filaments, filaments seemingly broad-based (disc synlophic). Flowering time July-Oct.(-May).
Willowy, usually dioecious, evergreen tree, up to 9 m tall, with brownish grey bark, rough with transverse scars, often with pink to reddish galls. Leaves overlapping, scale-like, pale grey. Flowers in massed panicles, minute, scented, petals whitish to grey, anthers pink.
A shrub or small tree. It grows 5-9 m tall. It has a deep taproot. The leaves are as sharp pointed scales. They cover the young stem. The flowers are in a mass on the upper parts of the branches. The fruit is abut 6 mm long.
Willowy tree with slender, drooping branches, to 9 m. Leaves scale-like. Flowers in massed panicles, minute, pink to grey.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0 - 7.0
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a subtropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit is eaten as a snack.
Uses animal food environmental use fuel material medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 50
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Tamarix usneoides unspecified picture

Distribution

Tamarix usneoides world distribution map, present in Angola, Namibia, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID -
WFO ID wfo-0000459403
COL ID 54MFS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Tamarix usneoides