Tanacetum vulgare L.

Common tansy (en), Tanaisie vulgaire (fr), Sent-bon (fr), Tanaisie commune (fr), Barbotine (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Tanacetum

Characteristics

Strongly aromatic, rhizomatous, perennial herb. Stems erect, 30-200 cm tall, ribbed, glabrous or sparsely clothed in short hairs and glandular hairs especially above, branched above to form infl. Basal lvs petiolate (but often with very reduced leaflets along sheath), ovate, elliptic, or obovate, glabrous to moderately clothed in short hairs and with often numerous pitted glandular hairs, 1-pinnate with leaflets again 1-pinnatisect, c. 15-25 × 5-10 cm; primary leaflets in c. 10-15 pairs, lanceolate to narrow-ovate, all in one plane, sessile; ultimate segments lanceolate to triangular, serrate. Cauline lvs similar to basal, but usually glabrous and densely glandular, above becoming sessile, smaller and with fewer, less divided leaflets. Corymb with (6)-15-numerous, densely packed capitula. Involucral bracts usually glabrous, rarely with a few scattered hairs, 2-5 mm long; margin brown, membranous, especially at apex. Capitula (6)-8-10-(12) mm diam.; outer florets ♀ but not or very shortly ligulate, yellow; disc florets numerous, yellow. Achenes c. 1.5 mm long, brown, glandular, ribbed; corona lobed, c. 0.2 mm long.
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Herbs, perennial, 30-150 cm tall, from creeping, ± branched rhizome; stems solitary or clustered, erect, upper part corymbosely branched, usually glabrous. Basal stem leaves petiolate; leaf blade elliptic or elliptic-ovate, ca. 20 × 8-10 cm, 2-pinnatisect, both surfaces green or pale green; primary lateral segments to 12-paired; ultimate segments ovate, obliquely triangular, or narrowly elliptic; middle and upper stem leaves similar, sessile. Synflorescence a ± dense flat-topped panicle. Capitula (5-)10-70(-100), heterogamous, disciform. Involucre campanulate, 5-13 mm in diam.; phyllaries in 3 rows, scarious margin narrow, white or brown, outer phyllaries ovate-lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm; middle and inner ones lanceolate, 3-4 mm. All florets yellow, tubular; outer ones female, disk florets bisexual; corolla 1.5-2.4 mm. Achenes 1.2-2 mm. Corona 0.1-0.4 mm, margin dentate. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug. 2n = 18, 18 + 2B.
Perennials, mostly 40–150 cm. Stems 1–2+ (ridged), erect, branched distally (glabrous or sparsely hairy). Leaves basal (soon withering) and cauline; petiolate or sessile; blades broadly oblong or oval to elliptic, 4–20 × 2–10 cm, pinnately lobed (rachises ± winged, primary lobes 4–10 pairs, lance-linear to lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, often pinnately lobed or toothed), ultimate margins dentate, faces glabrous or sparsely hairy, gland-dotted. Heads 20–200 in compact, corymbiform arrays. Involucres 5–10 mm diam. Receptacles convex to conic, epaleate. Ray florets 0 (heads disciform, peripheral pistillate florets ca. 20; corollas yellow, lobes 3–4). Disc corollas 2–3 mm. Cypselae 1–2 mm, 4–5-angled or-ribbed, gland-dotted; pappi coroniform, 0.2–0.4 mm. 2n = 18.
Plants to c. 150 cm high, rhizomatous, transiently pubescent on stems and leaves. Leaves to c. 25 cm long, 1–sub-3-pinnatisect; rachides and ultimate segments c. 1–3 mm wide; primary segments 10–20 per side, variously dissected. Capitula several–numerous per stem, moderately congested, disciform, 5–9 mm diam.; peduncle to c. 5 cm long; involucre 3–5 mm long, slightly cobwebby or glabrous; inner bracts with hyaline extension c. 1 mm long. Marginal florets with corolla 3-lobed, yellow. Disc florets: corolla 1.5 mm long; tube as broad as and as long as limb; limb yellow. Achene of disc florets obovoid, 1.2–1.8 mm long, 5-ribbed, pale brown.
Coarse, aromatic perennial 4–15 dm from a stout rhizome, glabrous or nearly so; lvs numerous, 1–2 dm, nearly half as wide, sessile or short-petiolate, punctate, pinnatifid with evidently winged rachis, the pinnae again pinnatifid or deeply lobed, with broadly winged rachis, the pinnules often again toothed; heads disciform, numerous, commonly 20–200, the disk 5–10 mm wide; 2n=18. Roadsides, fields, and waste places; native of the Old World, established throughout most of the U.S. and adj. Can. Aug.–Oct.
A herb. It grows 90-120 cm high. It spreads 90-120 cm wide. The leaves are divided along the stalk. They look like feathers. The leaves are 12-25 cm long. The leaves are very green and have an aroma and bitter taste. The flowers are bright yellow and occur in clusters. These are about 7 mm wide and the clusters 10 cm wide. They do not have petals.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 0.9 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.8 - 1.2
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.2
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It will grow in most soils. It needs an open sunny position. It suits hardiness zones 4-9.
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A common plant of waste ground, hedgerows etc.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

CAUTION: It contains toxic properties. It contains thujone. The leaves are used as flavouring in egg dishes. The fresh leaves are added to desserts. The leaves are somewhat bitter and used to flavour pastries, pies and marinade. The leaves and flowers are brewed into a bitter lemon flavoured tea. They are also added to beer.
Uses dye environmental use essential oil food material medicinal ornamental poison seasoning tea
Edible flowers leaves stems
Therapeutic use Other (leaf), Strengthener (leaf), Vertigo Medicine (leaf), Abortifacient (leaf), Diaphoretic (leaf), Febrifuge (leaf), Analgesic (leaf), Liver Aid (leaf), Kidney Aid (leaf), Veterinary Aid (leaf), Gastrointestinal Aid (leaf), Emetic (leaf), Antidiarrheal (leaf), Dermatological Aid (leaf), Disinfectant (leaf), Ear Medicine (root), Throat Aid (root), Analgesic (unspecified), Anthelmintic (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Orthopedic Aid (unspecified), Pediatric Aid (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Cold Remedy (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Panacea (unspecified), Contraceptive (unspecified), Dietary Aid (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified), Abortifacient (unspecified), Acaricide (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Ascaricide (unspecified), Bitter-Principle (unspecified), Bruise (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Cordial (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Fatality (unspecified), Freckle (unspecified), Gall (unspecified), Gout (unspecified), Insecticide (unspecified), Repellant(Insect) (unspecified), Liniment (unspecified), Narcotic (unspecified), Nerves (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Sprain (unspecified), Steam-Bath (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Vulnerary (unspecified), Immortality (unspecified), Ache(Stomach) (unspecified), Antibiotic (unspecified), Antioxidant (unspecified), Dropsy (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Hysteria (unspecified), Pulicide (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Ache(Foot) (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Anti-infective agents (unspecified), Anti-infective agents, local (unspecified), Antiparasitic agents (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Expectorants (unspecified), Menstruation-inducing agents (unspecified), Migraine disorders (unspecified), Neuralgia (unspecified), Parasympatholytics (unspecified), Scabies (unspecified)
Human toxicity allergenic (aerial)
Animal toxicity toxic (aerial)

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seed or by division.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Tanacetum vulgare habit picture by Pascal Graulus (cc-by-sa)
Tanacetum vulgare habit picture by Patrick Ullrich (cc-by-sa)
Tanacetum vulgare habit picture by Waldemar Zeja (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Tanacetum vulgare leaf picture by Олег (cc-by-sa)
Tanacetum vulgare leaf picture by Eloïse Chesseboeuf (cc-by-sa)
Tanacetum vulgare leaf picture by Thilo Hubert (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Tanacetum vulgare flower picture by Žofie (cc-by-sa)
Tanacetum vulgare flower picture by Thomas Fonteyn (cc-by-sa)
Tanacetum vulgare flower picture by Jean-Jacques Mangier (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Tanacetum vulgare fruit picture by isa sp (cc-by-sa)
Tanacetum vulgare fruit picture by Stefana Popova (cc-by-sa)
Tanacetum vulgare fruit picture by Andrzej Konstantynowicz (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Tanacetum vulgare world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:252568-1
WFO ID wfo-0000114512
COL ID 54NJ4
BDTFX ID 66761
INPN ID 125474
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Chrysanthemum umbellatum Tanacetum vulgare f. vulgare Pyrethrum vulgare Tanacetum vulgare Chrysanthemum tanacetum Tanacetum crispum Chrysanthemum boreale Chrysanthemum vulgare Tanacetum vulgare var. crispum Tanacetum vulgare var. vulgare Chrysanthemum vulgare var. boreale Tanacetum vulgare subsp. boreale Tanacetum vulgare var. boreale Chrysanthemum vulgare subsp. boreale

Lower taxons

Tanacetum vulgare subsp. vulgare Tanacetum vulgare subsp. siculum