Tapinanthus oleifolius (J.C.Wendl.) Danser

Species

Angiosperms > Santalales > Loranthaceae > Tapinanthus

Characteristics

Leaves (scattered), mostly ovate-elliptic but highly variable, 30-45 x 10-20 mm, coriaceous; petioles c. 3 mm long to subsessile. Inflorescence: umbels mostly axillary, solitary, 3-4-flowered, minutely puberulent; peduncles from absent up to 2 mm long and approximately equalling the pedicels. Corolla with conspicuous basal swelling, 35-40 mm long, tube split 10-12 mm below lobes, dull pink with whitish, irregular variegations, lightly puberulent, light green at apex and base; lobes reflexed. Filaments with small tooth below anther. Style constricted below stigma. Berries ellipsoid, 10-12 mm long, reddish orange. Flowering probably throughout the year.
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Corolla tube 3.5–4.5 cm long, red with whitish spots, head of buds yellowish-or greenish-white, darkening, puberulent with short spreading hairs up to 0.2 mm long; bud heads 3.5–5 × 2.5–3 mm, oblong-ellipsoid to oblong-obovoid, rounded, sometimes slightly apiculate, somewhat angular and sometimes slightly ribbed; basal swelling 4.5–6 × 3.5–5 mm, ovoid or ovoid-ellipsoid, tube constricted for 3–5 mm above; lobes 9–10 mm long, reflexed, the upper expanded part 4–5 × 1.5 mm.
Shrub, up to 1 m high, hemiparasitic. Leaves at maturity shortly petiolate; blade ovate-elliptic, 30-45 x 10-20 mm; petioles up to 3 mm long. Flowers: in 3-or 4-flowered umbels solitary in leaf axils; corolla 35-40 mm long, puberulent, dull pink with whitish spots, light green at apex and base; Aug.-Dec. Fruit ellipsoid, 10-12 mm long, reddish orange.
Leaves mostly opposite; petiole 2–13 mm long; lamina coriaceous, dull green to glaucous, 3–9 × 0.8–5(7) cm, lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or ovate, subacute to rounded at apex, cuneate to rounded at base, generally glabrous, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves, the middle ones rather more ascending.
Shrub, up to 1 m high, parasitic on species of Acacia, Aloe, Combretum, Maytenus etc. Leaves at maturity shortly petiolate, glabrous. Corolla with tube swollen at base, lobes reflexed, puberulent. Flowers with corolla tube dull pink with whitish variegations, light green at apex and base.
Stem parasite, up to ± 1 m tall. Leaves mostly ovate-elliptic, but highly variable. Flowers 3 or 10 cm axillary clusters, tubular, base conspicuously swollen, mouth deeply V-shaped, 5 lobes reflexed, reddish pink with green at base and tips. Berry reddish orange. Year-round.
A shrub that grows on other plants. It can grow 1.5 m high. Young stems are hairy. The leaves are arranged irregularly. The leaves vary but can be 3-5 cm long by 1-2 cm wide. Flowers occur in single groups of 3-4 flowers. The fruit are oval berries. They are reddish-orange.
Umbels 1–several per axil, (2)4-flowered, puberulous; peduncle 1–2(4) mm long; pedicels 0.5–2 mm long; bract 2–2.5 mm long, shallowly cupular, with a small triangular limb.
Stems spreading to 1 m or so, generally puberulous at first, glabrescent, grey to brownish, densely but inconspicuously lenticellate.
Berry red, 8–9 × 5–7 mm, ellipsoid, with short persistent calyx, glabrescent.
Calyx 1–1.5 mm long, saucer-shaped, truncate to slightly toothed, puberulous.
Stamen filaments red; tooth 0.7–0.8 mm long; anthers 2.5–3 mm long.
Style with neck 2.5–3 mm long; stigma 0.7–0.8 mm across, capitate.
Receptacle 1.5–2 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in hot arid places with a marked dry season. The dry season can be 6-11 months. It grows between 70-1,950 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The stems are dried, pounded and cooked. Then sugar and milk is added to make a drink. The nectar is sucked from the flowers. The fruit are eaten raw either fresh or dried.
Uses animal food food material medicinal social use
Edible flowers fruits leaves stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. Seeds need light to germinate.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Tapinanthus oleifolius unspecified picture

Distribution

Tapinanthus oleifolius world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552014-1
WFO ID wfo-0000413298
COL ID 54SWC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lichtensteinia oleifolia Loranthus lichtensteinii Loranthus oleifolius Tapinanthus oleifolius Chiridium speciosum Tapinanthus namaquensis Lichtensteinia speciosa Loranthus namaquensis Loranthus bumbensis Loranthus quinquangulus Loranthus zambesicus Scurrula oleifolia Tapinanthus quinquangulus Loranthus meyeri var. inachabensis Loranthus namaquensis var. ligustrifolius Loranthus oleifolius var. luteus Loranthus quinquangulus var. pedicellatus