Taraxacum phymatocarpum J.Vahl

Northern dandelion (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Taraxacum

Characteristics

Plants 2–12(–30) cm (longer in fruit); taproots branched. Stems 1–(2–5), erect to ascending, reddish, glabrous. Leaves fewer than 10, usually horizontal, sometimes patent, rarely erect; petioles slightly winged; blades oblanceolate to linear-oblance-olate (sometimes some nearly runcinate), 1.5–8 × 0.2–0.8(–1.3) cm, bases attenuate, margins usually toothed to denticulate in 1–5 pairs or entire, sometimes shallowly lobed, lobes (and teeth) retrorse or straight, triangular, apices acute to obtuse, faces usually glabrous, sometimes very sparsely villous (mostly along midveins). Calyculi of 8–14, appressed to spreading, later reflexed to revolute, sometimes purplish-tinged, broadly ovate or ovate to lance-ovate bractlets in 2–3 series, 3–5 × 1.8–2.5 mm, margins not or barely scarious, apices usually acuminate, sometimes acute, hornless, tips slightly scarious-erose. Involucres dark to blackish green, narrowly campanulate (urceolate when closed), 9–14 mm. Phyllaries 8–12 in 2 series, oblong-lanceolate or broadly lanceolate to lance-ovate (inner), 1.8–3 mm wide, margins not or narrowly scarious (outer) to widely so in proximal 1/4–1/2, occasionally purplish, apices sometimes callous, hornless, tips scarious, erose. Florets 35–50; corollas pale yellow (sometimes lemon), sometimes drying pinkish (not striped adaxially), outer abaxially gray to purple striped, 10–12 × 2–3.1 mm. Cypselae dark brown, grayish to blackish, bodies oblanceoloid, flattened, (3–)4–4.5 mm, cones conic, 0.5–0.9 mm, beaks stout, (2–)3–5 (3/4+ length of body), ribs 15 (5 prominent), faces proximally at least tuberculate, muricate 1/2–3/4+; pappi creamy or white, 4–5.5(–7.5) mm. 2n = 24, 32, 40.
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A herb. It is 2-12 cm long. The taproot is branched. The leaves are broadly sword shaped. They are 2-8 cm long by 0.2-0.8 cm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.02 - 0.12
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible leaves roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Taraxacum phymatocarpum world distribution map, present in Canada, Finland, Greenland, Liberia, Norway, Sweden, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:254323-1
WFO ID wfo-0000058638
COL ID 54W4X
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Taraxacum phymatocarpum Taraxacum scorzonera