Tectaria herpetocaulos Holttum

Species

Pteridophytes > Polypodiales > Tectariaceae > Tectaria

Characteristics

Plants terrestrial, 0.8-1 m tall. Rhizome creeping, long, 0.8-1 cm in diam., scaly at apex and stipe bases; scales dark brown and light glossy, pale along margins, lanceolate, 2-3 mm, thickly membranous, subentire, apices acuminate, caducous downward. Fronds widely spaced; stipe stramineous, 30-60 cm, 4-5 mm in diam., clothed with light brown articulate hairs above, glabrescent beneath. Lamina odd-pinnate, dark green when dried, ovate to oblong, 30-45 × 25-30 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous, margin cartilaginous; rachises, costae, and lateral veins stramineous, pubescent adaxially, glabrescent abaxially, grooved adaxially and raised abaxially; terminal pinna ovate to oblong, entire, ca. 20 × 7-9 cm, stalk 2-3 cm, base broadly cuneate, apex caudate; lateral pinnae 2-4 pairs, simple, ovate-lanceolate, 18-20 × 5-6 cm, slightly oblique, opposite, subentire, interval 2-5 cm, bases slightly asymmetrically cuneate, apices abruptly caudate; basal pinnae shortly stalked, pinnae sessile toward apices. Veinlets forming conspicuous subhexagonal areoles, raised on both sides, included veinlets simple or forked. Sori orbicular, on anastomosing veins, in irregular 4-6 rows between lateral veins; indusia brown, orbicular, membranous, glabrous, entire, caducous.
More
Caudex long-creeping, 6-10 mm diameter when dried, bearing stipes c. 1.5 cm apart, scales 5 × 1 mm, base cordate, dark glossy with paler fragile edges; stipe 30-80 cm long, lightly flushed with red, glabrescent, scales near base as those of caudex but 10 mm long; lamina consisting of 1-4 pairs of pinnae and pinna-like apex; apex to 21 × 11 cm, entire, base cuneate, apex abruptly short-acuminate; upper pinnae sessile, to 21 × 6 cm with asymmetric base rounded on the basiscopic side; basal pinnae stalked, to 30 × 10 cm, asymmetric with a single basiscopic lobe to 20 × 6 cm (largest fronds may have 2 pairs of pinnae with basal lobes); main veins pale on lower surface, 8-10 mm apart along costae, at a wide angle and upcurved, cross-veins irregular; lower surface of costae and main veins bearing sparse short hairs, upper surface of costae densely short-hairy; sori mostly not on free veins in areoles, rather small, in a single row on each side of main veins but with additional ones irregularly between the rows; indusia thin, shrivelling but persistent.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 0.51
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
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Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
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Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Tectaria herpetocaulos world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Iceland, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17455720-1
WFO ID wfo-0001266926
COL ID 5536K
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Tectaria simaoensis Tectaria herpetocaulos