Telfairia pedata Hook.

Oysternut (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Cucurbitales > Cucurbitaceae > Telfairia

Characteristics

Liane with fleshy roots.. Stems herbaceous, ribbed, glabrous, climbing to 30 m. or more, perennial, becoming thickened and woody when old.. Leaves petiolate, 5–7 foliolate; median leaflet broadly lanceolate or elliptic, acuminate, acute, narrowed into the petiole, obscurely sinuate-toothed, glabrous or with sparse scattered hairs especially on the main nerves, penni-nerved, 55–130 mm. long, 20–60 mm. broad; lateral leaflets similar, relatively broader and occasionally lobed on the outer side at the base; petiolules up to 65 mm. long; petiole 90–100 mm. long, like the petiolules glabrous or ± short-hairy.. Probracts 3–20 mm. long, stalk-like below, spathulate and hooded above.. Male flowers in 58–230 mm. long racemes; bracts 5–10 mm. long and broad, pubescent, adnate to the pedicels below, expanded and toothed above; pedicels 5–30 mm. long; receptacle-tube campanulate, pubescent outside, ± 5 mm. long; lobes triangular-acuminate, pubescent, coarsely toothed, ± 16 mm. long; petals obovate-cuneate, ± 20 mm. long, crinkly, pinkish-purple, green-striped near the base; stamens 5 or 3.. Female flowers with stalks 65–140 mm. long; ovary green, cylindrical, ± 60 × 15 mm., with an expanded basal collar ± 25 mm. across, 10-ribbed, pubescent; receptacle-tube very short; lobes dentiform, ± 2 mm. long, entire; petals larger than those of ♂ flower, otherwise similar.. Fruit green, ellipsoid with a lobed expanded base, bluntly 10-ribbed, 320–450 mm. long and 160–250 mm. across or even larger, dehiscent apically.. Seeds very many, broader than long, ± 35 × 40 × 13 mm., each enclosed in a persistent densely reticulate endocarpic fibrous sheath obscuring the faintly verrucose true testa.. Fig. 1/1–6.
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A pumpkin family plant. It is a climbing woody vine. It can be 30 m or more long. It has fleshy roots. The leaves are smooth and alternate. They are divided into 5-7 leaflets like fingers on a hand. Male and female flowers are on separate plants. The flowers are purple. The seeds are inside a long gourd like a pumpkin. The seeds are flat and round. They are 4 cm across and 1 cm thick. There can be 500 seeds in a fruit.
male racemes 6–23·5 cm. long; bracts 4–10 mm. long, broadly ovate, dentate, pubescent, adnate to the pedicels; pedicels 0·5–5 cm. long. Receptacle-tube c. 0·5 mm. long, campanulate, densely shortly hairy; lobes 12–18 mm. long, ovate to lanceolate, acute, sometimes acuminate, shortly laciniate. Petals 2–3·5 cm. long, obovate-cuneate, crinkly, purplish, green-striped near the base.
Leaves petiolate, 5–7-foliolate; median leaflet 5·5–14 × 2–7·5 cm., oblong to broadly elliptic, acuminate, acute, ± sinuate-toothed especially in upper part, subglabrous, pinnately veined, lateral leaflets similar, the outermost smaller and occasionally lobed near the base; petiolules 1–6·5 cm. long; petioles 2·5–10 cm. long, glabrous or shortly hairy.
Seeds numerous, 3·3–3·5 × 3·2–4·0 × 1·0–1·3 cm., compressed; endocarpic sheath persistent, reticulate, obscuring the faintly verrucose testa.
Liane up to 30 m. or more in length; young stems herbaceous, glabrous, later softly ligneous, with thin pallid papyraceous bark.
Fruit 30–90 × 15–25 cm., green, ellipsoid with a lobed expanded base, bluntly 10-ribbed.
Female flowers solitary on 6·5–14 cm. long peduncles, somewhat larger than the male.
Probracts 3–20 mm. long, stalk-like below, expanded and cucullate above.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It cannot tolerate frost when young. In Malawi it is cultivated at about 1,200 m altitude. It can grow from sea level to 2,000 m altitude.
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Coastal rain and riverine forest from sea level to 1,100 metres.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The seeds are usually roasted and eaten. They can be eaten raw. They are a substitute for almonds in confectionary. They can also be pressed for oil, which is edible if the shells have been removed. The leaves and young shoots are commonly eaten as a pot herb.
Uses animal food coffee substitute food fuel gene source material medicinal oil
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Soap (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are easily grown from fresh seed. Seed germinate in a week. The soft ripe fruit falls from the plant and bursts releasing the nuts. There are 100-400 seeds per fruit.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 23 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Telfairia pedata unspecified picture
Telfairia pedata unspecified picture

Distribution

Telfairia pedata world distribution map, present in Honduras, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:294055-1
WFO ID wfo-0000408985
COL ID 7BNX5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Joliffia africana Telfairia pedata Telfairia africana Fevillea pedata