Thesium fastigiatum A.W.Hill

Species

Angiosperms > Santalales > Santalaceae > Thesium

Characteristics

Perennial herb; rootstock woody, irregularly shaped, 1–4 cm across, with many very short closely scaly vegetative buds that eventually elongate into stems; buds 2–4 mm long, the scales straw-coloured, subulate, 1–2 mm long; stems pale brown at base, green above, numerous, erect or decumbent, 30–60 cm high, fastigiately well-branched from the base or a little higher, branches irregularly racemose-cymose, ascending at angle of ± 45°, eventually almost filiform, up to 20–30 cm long, minutely scabridulous to glabrous, very shallowly ribbed by decurrent scale leaves.. Leaves usually all reduced to scales, those at extreme base of stem ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–2.5 mm long, those subtending primary branches lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 2.5–7x0.6–1.6 mm, occasionally with developed linear leaves interspersed and up to 25x0.8 mm, cuspidate, thick-textured, margins smooth to minutely ciliolate.. Flowers sessile, nearly always on a scaly shoot (primary branch from leaf axil) initially branching racemosely rather than cymosely, irregularly cymose thereafter, and occasionally (always mixed with scaly shoots) a nude peduncle terminating in a flower may develop from the leaf axil, and is soon overtopped by two scaly cymose branches, many branches eventually running up into long filiform scaly apices; bracts ± 5 forming an involucre below the flower, ovate-acuminate, 0.8–1.5x0.5–0.9 mm, margins ciliolate.. Perianth green with orange-buff tips, white inside; tube 0.5–1 mm long, external ellipsoid glands very obscure; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 0.8–1.7 mm long, subacute, hood 0.3 mm long, margins inflexed, ± erose.. Stamens inserted at base of perianth lobes; filaments 0.3–0.5 mm long, ± hidden by anthers; anthers 0.3–0.7 mm long.. Style 1–1.6 mm long; stigma reaching almost to apex of hood.. Fruit buff to pale brown, ellipsoid-globose, 2.5–3 mm long, 2–2.5 mm in diameter, strongly ribbed and reticulate.. Fig. 1/10–12 (page 4).
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Perennial herb drying grey-green to pale fuscous, with a woody caudex c. 20–40 mm in diameter crowned with many very short closely scaly shoots eventually elongating into stems c. 200–400 mm long, 1–3 mm diameter at base, erect or decumbent, fastigiately well branched from the base or a little higher, branches irregularly racemose-cymose, ascending at angle of c. 45°, eventually almost filiform, up to 200–300 mm long, minutely scabridulous to glabrous, very shallowly ribbed by decurrent scale leaves.
Flowers nearly always on a scaly shoot (primary branch from leaf axil) initially branching racemosely rather than cymosely, irregularly cymose thereafter or occasionally (and always mixed with scaly shoots) a nude peduncle terminating in a flower may develop from the leaf axil, and is soon overtopped by two scaly cymose branches, many branches eventually running up into long filiform scaly apices.
Leaves usually all reduced to scales, those at extreme base of stem c. 1.5–2.5 mm long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, those subtending primary branches c. 2.5–7 × 0.6–1.6 mm, rarely up to c. 2.5 × 0.8 mm (see discussion below), usually lanceolate, rarely linear, or sometimes ovate-lanceolate, cuspidate, thick-textured, margins smooth to minutely ciliolate.
Perianth “white”, “cream”, “very pale yellow” or “pale green”; tube 0.5–1 mm long, external ellipsoid glands very obscure; lobes 0.8–1.7 × 0.4–0.7 mm, oblong-lanceolate, subacute, hood 0.3 mm long, margins inflexed, ± erose.
Stamens inserted at base of perianth lobes; filaments 0.3–0.5 mm long, ± hidden by anthers; anthers 0.3–0.7 mm long.
Bracts c. 5 forming an involucre below the flower, 1–1.4 × 0.6–0.9 mm, ovate-cuspidate, margins ciliolate.
Fruit 2.5–3 × 2–2.5 mm, pale buff to palest dull brown, strongly ribbed and reticulate.
Style 1–1.6 mm long; stigma reaching almost to apex of hood.
Pedicels wanting.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Thesium fastigiatum world distribution map, present in Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:780833-1
WFO ID wfo-0001134526
COL ID 7C8MV
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Thesium fastigiatum Thesium luembense Thesium tamariscinum