Thesium gracile A.W.Hill

Species

Angiosperms > Santalales > Santalaceae > Thesium

Characteristics

Rhizomatous suffrutex, up to 0.3 m tall, vegetative scales present on rhizome and lower parts of aerial stems, stems 4 to 16, arising from rhizome at intervals, suberect or occasionally spreading, slender, branched, green, sulcate distally through decurrent leaves, often terete below, moderately leafy (5 to 10 leaves per 50 mm at middle of stem). Leaves more or less spreading, young leaves can be adpressed, linear, 4.0-17.0 x 0.3-1.0 mm, apex acute-acuminate and usually cartilaginous, midrib raised on both surfaces, margins entire. Flowers in simple or compound 3-flowered dichasial cymes, or occasionally monochasial cymes; cyme peduncles 2.0-8.0(18.0) mm long. Bracts linear-lanceolate, 2.5-7.5 x 0.2-0.6 mm, acute, margins entire, fused to 1/8-1/4 of peduncle; bracteoles 1.4-3.0 x 0.2-0.4 mm. Perianth 1.8-3.0 mm long, receptacle occasionally slightly elongate, 'glands' often visible on outside; lobes narrowly triangular, 0.8-0.9 x 0.7-0.4 mm, apex very slightly hooded, with sparse apical beard. Stamens inserted at base of tepals; filaments 0.2-0.4 mm long; anthers 0.2-0.5 mm long. Style 0.2-0.6 mm long, stigma ± opposite anthers. Placental column straight. Fruit sessile, 3.0-4.0 mm long including persistent perianth (2.5-3.6 mm long excluding perianth), 2.2-2.5 mm wide, with prominent reticulate venation.
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Suffrutex, caules numerosi, erecti, superne ramosi, 12-30 cm alti, rami elongati, foliosi, angulati et sulcati. Folia linearia vel lineari-lanceolata, acuta, 1-1.4 cm longa, apice colore destituta. Inflorescentia sympodiali-cymosa, axillaris, ramosa, compacta; bracteae ellipticae, vel lanceolato-subulatae, acutae, carinatae, plus minusve pedunculis adnatae; bracteolae 2, floribus breviores. Perianthium albidum vel pallide luteum, circiter 1.75 mm longum, segmentis 1 mm longis ovato-deltoideis cucullatis marginibus inflexis apice barbatis. Antherae filamentis aequilongae, vix 0.25 mm longae. Stylus 0.25 mm longus; stigmate dilatato. Fructus globoso-ovoideus, circiter 2 mm diametro, costis conspicuis.
Leaves ascending, 10–35 × 0.5–1.5(1.8) mm midway on stem, smaller upwards and passing into bracts, often shorter and slightly broader at base, linear, apex apiculate, base broad, thick-textured, margins pale, cartilaginous, very minutely scabridulous or smooth, midrib raised on both surfaces.
Perennial herb with thick woody caudex up to 50 mm in diameter and woody stolons up to 10 mm diameter; stems many, tufted from crown, c. 150–400 mm long, paniculately branched above, strongly ribbed by raised vascular strands terminating in midrib of leaves and bracts, leafy.
Perianth yellowish; tube 0.5–1 mm long, external glands conspicuous, elliptic, equalling tube; lobes 1–1.7 × 0.6–1 mm, triangular, acute, white-bearded from apex.
Herb, up to 250 mm tall. Racemes short. Flowers usually in 3-flowered pedunculate cymules. Style scarcely reaching to base of anthers. Flowers white.
Bracts 6–18 × 0.8–1.5 mm, linear, leaf-like, adnate to base of peduncle (usually ¼ total length or less, rarely ?); bracteoles 2, 2.5–11 × 0.4–1 mm.
Flowers in 3-or occasionally 7-flowered cymules racemosely arranged at tips of branchlets, 5–8(10) cymules in each inflorescence.
Stamens inserted at base of perianth lobes; filaments 0.1–0.5 mm long, almost hidden by anthers; anthers 0.3–0.5 mm long.
Fruit 2.3–2.5 × 2.3–2.5 mm, light red-brown, ribs and reticulations equally prominent but not very strongly raised.
Style 0.2–0.7 mm long; stigma reaching almost halfway up anthers.
Peduncles (lowermost) 3–10 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.28
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Thesium gracile world distribution map, present in Mozambique, eSwatini, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:780869-1
WFO ID wfo-0001134370
COL ID 7C8LB
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Thesium gracile Thesium palliolatum