Thesium thamnus Robyns & Lawalrée

Species

Angiosperms > Santalales > Santalaceae > Thesium

Characteristics

Perennial herb; rootstock woody, irregularly shaped, 1–3 cm across, with very many short scaly buds that eventually elongate into stems; buds 2–5 mm long, the scales straw-coloured (the outer ones sometimes brown-tinged), subulate, ciliate; stems grey-green, numerous, ascending to erect, 10–30 cm high, well-branched and floriferous almost from the base, the branches ascending at an angle of ± 45°, relatively short; stems hairy at least on the lower part, weakly ribbed by decurrent scale leaves; hairs stiff, spreading, parallel-sided, appearing almost glandular, 0.1–0.5 mm long, shorter upwards but extending on to back of bracts.. Leaves all reduced to scales, lanceolate-acuminate, 2–7x1–2 mm, ciliate and hairy outside.. Flowers initially solitary at tips of nude peduncles, the peduncles 2–20 mm long and often two from one axil, later overtopped by 1–2 branches arising immediately or shortly below the terminal flower; these may branch again, producing a nude peduncle terminating in a flower or a sterile scaly shoot; bracts ± 4–5, forming an involucre below the flower, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 1.3–2.5x0.7–1.1 mm, ciliate and hairy on the back.. Perianth white inside; tube 0.5–1 mm long, external glands obscure, ellipsoid; lobes 5(–6), oblong, 1.1–1.4 mm long, obtuse with a hood ± 0.3 mm long, margins inflexed, erose.. Stamens inserted at base of the perianth lobes; filaments 0.1–0.5 mm long, largely hidden by anthers; anthers 0.3–0.8 mm long.. Style 1–1.8 mm long; stigma reaching to top of the anthers or apex of the hood.. Fruit buff to pale brown, 2.8–3.5 mm long, 2–2.5 mm in diameter, strongly ribbed and reticulate.
More
Perennial herb drying grey-green or slightly fuscous, with a woody caudex 20–30 mm in diameter, crowned with very many short closely scaly shoots eventually developing into stems c. 150–300 mm long, 1.5–3 mm diameter at base, decumbent to erect, well branched and floriferous almost from base, branches ascending at angle of c. 45°, weakly ribbed by decurrent scales, closely scaly near base, more distantly so above, hairy at least on lower part of stems and hairs there up to 0.3–0.5 mm long, hairs stout, unicellular, patent, shorter upwards and usually extending to backs of bracts, outside of perianth, especially ovary and fruit.
Flowers initially solitary at tips of nude peduncles, 2–20 mm long (measured from axil of bract to first flower), often 2 peduncles from one axil, later overtopped by 1 or 2 branches arising immediately or shortly below terminal flower; these may branch again, producing either a nude peduncle terminating in a flower, or a slender bracteate shoot, a bud sometimes present in the axil of each bract, or sometimes absent and then shoot presumably assimilatory only.
Leaves all reduced to scales, sharply ascending and incurved, those at extreme base of stem 3–7 mm long, those subtending branches 2–7 × 1–2 mm, lanceolate-cuspidate, thick-textured, margins (as well as backs) usually ciliolate.
Perianth creamy or white inside; tube 0.5–1 mm long, external glands obscure, ellipsoid; lobes 1.1–1.4 × 0.4–0.6 mm, oblong, obtuse, hood c. 0.3 mm long, margins inflexed, erose.
Bracts c. 4 or 5 forming an involucre below the flower, c. 1.3–2.1 × 0.7–1.1 mm, ovate-lanceolate, cuspidate, resembling those on stems.
Stamens inserted at base of perianth lobes; filaments 0.1–0.5 mm long, almost or quite hidden by anthers; anthers 0.3–0.8 mm long.
Fruit 2.3–3 × 2–2.5 mm, pale buff to palest brown, strongly ribbed and reticulate.
Style 1–1.8 mm long; stigma reaching tip of hood.
Pedicels wanting.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
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Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Thesium thamnus world distribution map, present in Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:781157-1
WFO ID wfo-0001134571
COL ID 56FQF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Thesium thamnus