Tortula muralis Hedw.

Tortula moss (en)

Species

Bryophytes > Pottiales > Pottiaceae > Tortula

Characteristics

Plants small, in dense tufts, yellow-green to dark green; terricolous. Stems 4-8(-12) mm tall, branched below; in section with central strand, cortical cells larger toward margin, reddish. Leaves erect, contorted or spirally twisted dry, spreading wet; oblong-spathulate to ungulate, 2-3 mm long; apex obtuse, retuse or emarginate, often asymmetrical; margins revolute to apex, entire. Costa excurrent, 1-2 mm long, smooth, hyaline; ventral superficial cells quadrate to rectangular, thin-walled, papillose, dorsal superficial cells elongate-rectangular, incrassate, smooth; in section guide cells 2-4, ventral cells 4-8, in single or double row, surface cells papillose, dorsal stereid band 6-8 cells thick, dorsal surface cells undifferentiated, smooth. Upper laminal cells quadrate to hexagonal, densely papillose with 6-8 C-shaped papillae over lumen; basal cells rectangular, hyaline, smooth. Autoicous. Perichaetial leaves undifferentiated. Seta 10-20 mm long, yellowish, becoming reddish to red-brown with age; capsule cylindrical, 2.5-3.0 mm long, red-brown, peristome 0.6 mm high, teeth linear, above short basal membrane, papillose, spirally twisted 1-2 times; operculum conical, 1 mm long; spores round, 9-12 µm, weakly papillose.
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Leaves ovate or elliptic to obovate, apex broadly acute to rounded or emarginate, short-to long-awned, margins narrowly recurved or revolute to near apex, commonly bordered distally with 2-4 rows of thicker-walled, papillose to smooth cells; costa long-excurrent, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, distally narrow, 3-4(-6) cells across the convex adaxial surface; distal laminal cells hexagonal, 10-15 µm wide, 1:1, strongly papillose with 2(-4)-fid papillae. Sexual condition autoicous. Sporophytes exerted. Seta 0.6-1.5 cm. Capsule stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn 1.5-2.7 mm; peristome 300 µm, teeth of 32 filaments twisted 1/2-2 times, basal membrane low, to 50 µm; operculum 0.6-1 mm. Spores 8-12 µm, spheric, finely papillose or essentially smooth.
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Foliage retention deciduous
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Mature height (meter) 0.0 - 0.01
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Soil texture 7-8
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

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Cultivation

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Images

Tortula muralis unspecified picture

Distribution

Tortula muralis world distribution map, present in Brazil, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID 35112623
WFO ID wfo-0001153901
COL ID 57HVC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 5226
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Tortula gulliveri Barbula afroinermis Barbula annulus Barbula austromuralis Barbula berteroana Barbula binnsii Barbula chrysoblasta Barbula elaphrotricha Barbula gulliveri Barbula melbourneana Barbula muricola Barbula subpulvinata Tortula muralis Tortula pilosa Grimmia crassa Tortula binnsii Tortula goettingensis Trichostomum hutchinsonii Barbula muralis var. incana

Lower taxons

Tortula muralis var. aestiva Tortula muralis var. heribaudii Tortula muralis var. obcordata Tortula muralis var. vulcanicola