Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A.Barkley

Sumac (fr), Vernis du Japon (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Anacardiaceae > Toxicodendron

Characteristics

Deciduous trees to 20 m tall; branchlets yellowish brown pubescent. Petiole 7-14 cm, inflated at base, petiole and rachis minutely pubescent; leaf blade imparipinnately compound, 15-30 cm; leaflets 9-13, opposite; leaflet petiolule 4-7 mm, pubescent; leaflet blade ovate to ovate-elliptic or oblong, 6-13 × 3-6 cm, membranous to papery, adaxially glabrous or minutely pubescent along midrib, abaxially yellow pubescent, base oblique, rounded or broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex acute or acuminate, lateral veins 10-15 pairs, prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescence paniculate, 15-30 cm, grayish yellow minutely pubescent, with slender branches. Pedicel 1-3 mm, shorter and more robust in female flowers. Calyx lobes ovate, ca. 0.8 mm, apically obtuse, glabrous. Petals yellowish green, oblong, ca. 2.5 × 1.2 mm, with brown featherlike venation pattern. Stamens ca. 2.5 mm; filaments equal to anthers in length, shorter in female flower; anthers oblong. Disk 5-lobed. Ovary globose, glabrous; styles 3. Infructescence pendulous; drupe symmetrical, 5-6 × 7-8 mm, glabrous; epicarp thin, indehiscent; mesocarp thick, waxy, with brown longitudinal resin ducts; endocarp ca. 3 × 5 mm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jul-Oct.
More
A tree. It loses its leaves during the year. It grows 20 m tall. The small branches have a yellowish brown hairy coating. The leaf stalks are 7-14 cm long and they are fattened at the base. The leaves are compound. They are 15-30 cm long. There are 9-13 leaflets. The leaflets are oblong and 6-13 cm long by 3-6 cm wide. The flowers are yellowish green. The fruit are 5-6 cm long by 7-8 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 10.0
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Woods and thickets on mountain slopes; at elevations from 800-2,800 metres
More
It is a temperate plant.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

Uses dye food material medicinal oil poison
Edible barks leaves
Therapeutic use Amenorrhea (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Hemolytic (unspecified), Parasiticide (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Cachexia (unspecified), Ecchymosis (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Vesicant (unspecified), Antitussive (unspecified), Analgesics (unspecified), Antimutagenic agents (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified), Antioxidants (unspecified), Apoptosis (unspecified), Dermatitis (unspecified), Fibrosis (unspecified), Hypolipidemic agents (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Rheumatoid arthritis (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Toxicodendron vernicifluum unspecified picture

Distribution

Toxicodendron vernicifluum world distribution map, present in Azerbaijan, China, Japan, Pakistan, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Tajikistan, Taiwan, Province of China, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, and South Africa

Conservation status

Toxicodendron vernicifluum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:71819-1
WFO ID wfo-0001051090
COL ID 57LK2
BDTFX ID 76289
INPN ID 160249
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rhus vernicifera Rhus himalaica Toxicodendron verniciferum Rhus verniciflua Toxicodendron vernicifluum Ailanthus scriptus Rhus succedanea var. himalaica Rhus succedanea var. silvestrii Rhus kaempferi Toxicodendron vernicifluum var. shaanxiense