Tragia dioica Sond.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Tragia

Characteristics

Female flowers: pedicels 1 mm long, extending to up to 4 mm in fruit; calyx lobes 3, sometimes with 1–4 small additional lobules, 2 × 2 mm, accrescent to 7 × 8 mm, each lobe deeply pectinately 9–15-lobulate, the lobules linear-lanceolate, ± equalling the width of the calyx-lobe rhachis, sparingly puberulous and densely setose, green, the calyx-lobe rhachis ± ovate, sparingly puberulous without, glabrous within, green at the base and otherwise yellowish without, whitish and somewhat woody at length within; ovary 1.5 mm in diameter, 3-lobed, setose; styles 3, 2–3 mm long, suberect, connate to about halfway, sparingly pubescent at the base, otherwise glabrous, stigmas smooth, ± recurved at the tips.
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Leaf blades 3–7 × 0.3–1.5 cm, 1–3.5 cm wide at the base, usually narrowly lanceolate and often strongly 3-lobed at the base, acute to subacute or obtuse at the apex, median lobe entire or serrate or crenate-serrate on the margins towards the apex, lateral lobes coarsely serrate or dentate, truncate or shallowly wide-cordate at the base, thinly chartaceous, 5–7-nerved from the base, sparingly pubescent on both surfaces and sparingly to densely setose along the midrib and main nerves on both surfaces; lateral nerves in 4–8 pairs, scarcely prominent above, slightly so beneath.
Inflorescences up to 8.5 cm long, on peduncles up to 5.5 cm long, terminal and/or leaf-opposed, usually comprised of male flowers with 2–3 female flowers below, rarely all male or all female; male bracts 2 mm long, elliptic-lanceolate; male bracteoles 1 mm long, linear; female bracts 3 mm long, ovate; female bracteoles resembling the male bracts.
A herb. It can grow 60 cm tall. There are several stems from a woody rootstock. The leaves are 3-7 cm long by 0.3-1.5 cm wide. There can be 3 lobes at the base. The flowering shoots are 8.5 cm long. The fruit are 0.6 cm long by 1 cm wide and it has 3 lobes.
An erect or suberect urticating perennial herb up to 60 cm tall, usually much less, monoecious or polygamo-dioecious; stems several from a woody rootstock, puberulous to tomentose and stinging-setose.
Male flowers: pedicels 1 mm long; buds 3-lobed to subglobose; calyx lobes 1.5 × 1 mm, ovate, subacute, subglabrous, yellow; stamens 3, less than 1 mm long; pistillode 3-lobed, the lobes truncate.
Perennial herb, up to 250 mm tall. Stems erect or ascending. Leaves acute, petioled, 20 mm long or longer, lanceolate with 2 large rounded basal lobes. Flowers green.
Seeds 3.5 mm in diameter, subglobose, pale grey, sparingly flecked with chestnut-brown, and with scattered circular yellow patches fringed with white papillae.
Fruit 0.6 × 1 cm, 3-lobed, smooth, sparingly puberulous, setose on the keels.
Stipules 3–4 mm long, lanceolate, puberulous.
Petioles 0.2–2 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.43 - 0.6
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Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
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Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses social use
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
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Distribution

Tragia dioica world distribution map, present in Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:357724-1
WFO ID wfo-0000326662
COL ID 57VTG
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Tragia dioica

Lower taxons

Tragia dioica var. dioica Tragia dioica var. lobata