Tragia tenuifolia Benth.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Tragia

Characteristics

A creeping or scandent, pubescent, hirsute, setose and urticating perennial herb up to 3 m. high when supported, otherwise shorter.. Petiole (0.5–)1–5 cm. long, pubescent and hirsute; blade elliptic-ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, 4–10(–12) cm. long, 2–5 cm. wide, shortly acutely acuminate, shallowly to moderately cordate, subentire to shallowly serrate or dentate, membranaceous, 7-nerved from the base, lateral nerves 3–5 pairs, evenly to sparingly setose above and beneath, more densely so along the midrib and main nerves, or occasionally subglabrous except along the midrib.. Stipules erect, later reflexed, lanceolate, 5–6.5 mm. long, acute, setose without, ± glabrous within.. Inflorescences leaf-opposed, lateral or ± axillary, 1.5–3 cm. long, fairly densely flowered, with a pubescent peduncle 1–1.5 cm. long; ♂ bracts oblanceolate, 2.5–3 mm. long, entire or subentire, sparingly pubescent; ♀ bracts deeply trilobate, 5 mm. long, otherwise ± as ♂; bracteoles 2, resembling ♂ bracts.. Male flowers: pedicels 1–2 mm. long; calyx-lobes 3, suborbicular to broadly ovate, ± 1 mm. long and wide, slightly cucullate, pubescent without, glabrous within, greenish; stamens 0.5 mm. long, filaments stout, anthers 0.3 mm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, yellow; pistillode minute, depressed-conic.. Female flowers: pedicel very short, stout; calyx-lobes 6, spathulate, 4 mm. long, extending to 9 mm. long in fruit, the rhachis pinnately lobulate, with 3–4 linear lobules on each side, and with an ovate-deltate foliaceous terminal laminula, pubescent without, puberulous within, and beset with white urticating bristles on the margins; ovary trilobate, ± 3 mm. diameter, evenly pubescent and sparingly beset with urticating bristles; styles 3, 3 mm. long, incurved, fused for one-third their length, pubescent in the lower third, otherwise glabrous, stigmatic surfaces rugulose.. Fruit strongly trilobate, 5 mm. long, 9 mm. diameter, evenly pubescent, sparingly setose, dull green, mottled brown.. Seeds 4 mm. diameter, dark reddish brown, mottled pale greyish or silvery.
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Female flowers: pedicels 0.5–1 mm long; calyx lobes 6, 2 mm long, accrescent to 5 mm long in fruit, spathulate, with 3 small linear subglabrous green lobules on each side, a terminal ovate foliaceous laminula, and a strap-shaped rhachis pubescent and greenish without, glabrous and stramineous within, becoming slightly hardened; ovary 2 mm in diameter, 3-lobed, uniformly densely pubescent, setose on the keels; styles 3, 2 mm long, connate to halfway, ± glabrous, stigmas shallowly rugulose, tightly coiled.
Leaf blade 4–14 × 1–5 cm, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-oblanceolate, shortly acutely acuminate at the apex, subentire to shallowly and remotely denticulate on the margins, subtruncate to cordate at the base, membranaceous, 5–9-nerved from the base, sparingly pubescent and setose on the upper surface, and sparingly hirsute and setose along the midrib and main nerves beneath; lateral nerves in 4–6 pairs, slightly prominent.
Inflorescences 2–3 cm long, with the peduncle 1.5–2.5 cm long, leaf-opposed, bisexual, densely flowered; male bracts 2 mm long, oblong, subglabrous; male bracteoles 1 mm long, subulate; female bracts 3 mm long, ovate; female bracteoles resembling the male bracts.
Male flowers: pedicels 0.5–1 mm long; buds obovoid-turbinate; calyx lobes 1 × 1 mm, broadly ovate-suborbicular, apiculate, subglabrous; stamens 0.5 mm long; pistillode trigonous, depressed-conic.
Seeds c. 3 mm in diameter, globose, silvery-grey, streaked with beige and mottled chestnut-brown.
A weakly urticating climbing subshrub with sparingly puberulous stems, monoecious.
Fruit 3–4 × 7–8 mm, 3-lobed, evenly pubescent, sparingly setose on the keels.
Stipules 3–4 × 1–1.5 mm, ovate-lanceolate, acute, subglabrous, ciliate.
Flowers greenish, the female calyx-lobes with white stinging hairs.
Petioles 1–7.5 cm long, sparingly puberulous and stinging-setose.
Stems twining
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

An understorey plant in mixed evergreen rainforest.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Tragia tenuifolia world distribution map, present in Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sudan, Sierra Leone, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:357893-1
WFO ID wfo-0000326924
COL ID 7CMWL
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Tragia calvescens Tragia klingii Tragia zenkeri Tragia manniana Tragia tenuifolia