Trifolium fragiferum L.

Strawberry clover (en), Trèfle fraise (fr), Trèfle porte-fraises (fr), Trèfle porte-fraise (fr), Trèfle-fraise (fr), Porte-fraise (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Trifolium

Characteristics

Perennial; stems glabrous, creeping, rooting at nodes. Lvs ± glabrous or sparsely hairy on petiole and undersurface of leaflets; petioles up to c. 100 mm long; leaflets usually elliptic, sometimes ovate or obovate, obtuse or obcordate, mucronate, cuneate at base, finely serrate, c. 5-20 mm long; lateral veins recurved and thickened toward leaflet margin; petiolules up to 1.5 mm long, subequal; stipules ovate-oblong, acuminate. Infls axillary, racemose, globose or ellipsoid, pedunculate, > lvs; fls numerous; pedicels up to 1 mm long; bracts subtending fls free, 2-6 mm long, but those at infl. base connate. Calyx tomentose on upper side, moderately hairy when inflated, with c. 20 indistinct veins, greatly inflated on upper side at fruiting; throat open, ± glabrous; calyx teeth slightly unequal, < corolla, erect at fruiting; 2 upper teeth longer, narrow-lanceolate, ± = or > tube, conspicuous on the inflated calyx; 3 lower teeth lanceolate; sinuses acute or obtuse. Corolla pinkish to reddish, persistent but ± enclosed by the inflated calyx at fruiting, 5-7 mm long. Pod glabrous, straight, < calyx, 2-4 mm long, 1-2-seeded; seeds c. 1.5-2 mm diam.
More
Perennial herbs, stoloniferous, glabrous or hairy. Stems prostrate or decumbent, 10-30(-50) cm, rooting at nodes. Leaves palmately 3-foliolate, long petiolate; stipules linear-lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, 1-2 cm, membranous, base sheathing, tip acuminate to subulate; leaflets obovate to obo­vate-elliptic, ± sessile, (5-)10-25 × 5-15 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent on veins, lateral veins 10-15, base broadly cuneate, apex rounded, retuse. Flowers 10-30, in crowded hemispheric or ovoid heads, 0.8-2.5 cm; peduncle axillary, to 2 × petiole; involucral bracts fused, lobes lanceolate, entire or toothed. Calyx bilabiate, strongly inflated in fruit, veins reticu­late; teeth filiform, 2 upper longer than 3 lower, 2 upper and distal 1/2 of tube densely sericeous. Corolla white or pink, 6-8 mm; standard oblong. Ovary linear. Legume ovate-oblong, en­closed in inflated calyx. Seeds 1 or 2, brown, reniform. Fl. and fr. May-Aug.
Habitally like T. repens; peduncles becoming 8–15 cm; heads globose or ovoid, 10–15 mm thick at anthesis; fls 6–7 mm; cal bilabiate, the upper lip 2–3 mm, half longer than the lower and much more villous, the lobes narrowly linear, 0.7–1 mm; cor rosy; cal at maturity becoming reddish, greatly enlarged, strongly reticulate, and gibbous on the upper side, the lower lip scarcely altered; 2n=16. Native of Eurasia and n. Afr., becoming established as a lawn-weed here and there in our range. Summer.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.25
Root system creeping-root
Rooting depth (meter) 0.4
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Humid and moist shady places, river sands, damp open plains, wet meadows, river valleys and bogs; at elevations from sea level to 1,750 metres. Grassy places, mainly on heavy clay soils and often on rather saline soils.
Light 7-7
Soil humidity 8-8
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 5-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

Uses animal food bee plant environmental use fodder forage invertebrate food medicinal ornamental
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 12 - 22
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Trifolium fragiferum habit picture by Patrice Bracquart (cc-by-sa)
Trifolium fragiferum habit picture by Pierre LEON (cc-by-sa)
Trifolium fragiferum habit picture by Thibaut Durr (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Trifolium fragiferum leaf picture by Margherita Maggió (cc-by-sa)
Trifolium fragiferum leaf picture by Clément Garcia (cc-by-sa)
Trifolium fragiferum leaf picture by Alex Bradaric (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Trifolium fragiferum flower picture by Jaak Pärtel (cc-by-sa)
Trifolium fragiferum flower picture by Sabine Hennig (cc-by-sa)
Trifolium fragiferum flower picture by Benoît Janichon (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Trifolium fragiferum fruit picture by Wim Stoop (cc-by-sa)
Trifolium fragiferum fruit picture by Johan Montenij (cc-by-sa)
Trifolium fragiferum fruit picture by Enzo Lescure (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Trifolium fragiferum world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, China, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Ecuador, Egypt, Spain, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Morocco, Moldova (Republic of), Malta, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and Yemen

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:523154-1
WFO ID wfo-0000213002
COL ID 58PTZ
BDTFX ID 69109
INPN ID 127314
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Amoria fragifera Galearia fragifera Xerosphaera fragifera Galearia fragifera Trifolium fragiferum subsp. fragiferum Trifolium fragiferum

Lower taxons

Trifolium fragiferum subsp. bonannii Trifolium fragiferum var. fragiferum Trifolium fragiferum var. orthodon