Triglochin palustris L.

Marsh arrowgrass (en), Troscart des marais (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Juncaginaceae > Triglochin

Characteristics

Plants with fibrous strands of leaves at base, 9--42.5 cm. Leaves erect from sheath, shorter than scapes, 6--24.5 cm; sheath 3.5--5 cm  1.5--5 mm, ligule not hoodlike, unlobed; blade 0.8--2.9 mm wide, apex acute. Inflorescences: scape often purple near base, mostly exceeding leaves, 5.5--27.2 cm  1--2.1 mm; racemes 5.1--21.4 cm  2--5 mm; pedicel 0.4--4.5  0.1--0.5 mm. Flowers: tepals elliptic, 1.1--1.6  0.7--0.9 mm, apex round; pistils 6, 3 fertile, 3 sterile. Fruits: fruiting receptacles with wings; schizocarps linear, 7--8.3  0.8--1.2 mm; mericarps linear, weakly ridged abaxially, 6.5--8.5  0.5--1.5 mm, beak erect, 0.3 mm. 2n = 24.
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Very slender, 2–4 dm; lvs to 3 dm, 1–2 mm wide; raceme 1–2 dm, the very slender pedicels strictly erect; tep 6, 1–1.5 mm; stamens 6; ovaries 3, ovoid, in fr-linear-clavate, 6–9 mm, at maturity parting from the axis from the base upward, remaining attached at the summit, the base very sharply pointed; axis broadly 3-winged, the wings extending between the carpels; 2n=24. Brackish marshes along the coast, and in bogs inland; circumboreal, in Amer. s. to Pa., Ind., Io., Nebr., and N.M. May–July.
Herbs, perennial, ± slender; rhizome short, clothed with sheaths of old leaves. Leaves ca. 20 cm × 1 mm. Scape erect, slender; racemes with ± laxly arranged flowers. Flowers on short pedicels 2(-4) mm, scarcely elongating after anthesis; perianth segments purplish green, elliptic, 2-2.5 mm. Carpels only 3 fertile. Fruit closely appressed to scape, clavate, 6-7(-10) × ca. 1.5 mm, gradually tapering at base, ascending. Fl. and fr. Jun-Oct. 2n = 24, 28.
A delicate herb. It has a bulb like rootstock. It keeps growing from year to year. The branches are short and thread like and come from the bulb. The leaves are 20 cm long by 1 mm wide. The flowers are loosely arranged. The fruit are 6-7 mm long by 1.5 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate pant. It grows in limestone and boggy places. In Pakistan it grows in fresh water locations in mountainous regions. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 3,900 m above sea level.
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Marshes, usually amongst tall grass.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 7-11
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-7

Usage

The tubers are roasted and eaten.
Uses fodder medicinal poison
Edible leaves roots seeds stems tubers
Therapeutic use Cyanogenetic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Triglochin palustris habit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Triglochin palustris flower picture by Johan Van de Walle (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Triglochin palustris fruit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)
Triglochin palustris fruit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)
Triglochin palustris fruit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Triglochin palustris world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Palau, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Conservation status

Triglochin palustris threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603552-1
WFO ID wfo-0000770196
COL ID 7CS6S
BDTFX ID 69494
INPN ID 127547
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Juncago palustris Triglochin fonticola Triglochin himalensis Triglochin juncea Triglochin palustris Tristemon palustris Triglochin komarovii Triglochin chilensis Triglochin crassiculmis Triglochin palustris f. palustris Abbotia palustris Abbotia pumila Triglochin palustris var. crassiculmis Triglochin asiatica var. komarovii Triglochin palustris var. salina Triglochin andina Triglochin palustris f. fernaldiana